Kimm S Y, Obarzanek E, Barton B A, Aston C E, Similo S L, Morrison J A, Sabry Z I, Schreiber G B, McMahon R P
Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 1996 Jul;6(4):266-75. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00056-7.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether measures of socioeconomic status (SES) are inversely associated with obesity in 9- to 10-year-old black and white girls and their parents. Subjects were participants in the Growth and Health Study (NGHS) of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Extensive SES, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected at baseline on 2379 NGHS participants. The prevalence of obesity was examined in the NGHS girls and parents in relation to SES and selected environmental factors. Less obesity was observed at higher levels of household income and parental education in white girls but not in black girls. Among the mothers of the NGHS participants who were seen, lower prevalence of obesity was observed with higher levels of income and education for white mothers, but no consistent patterns were seen in black mothers. Univariate logistic models indicated that the prevalence of obesity was significantly and inversely associated with parental income and education and number of parents in the household in white girls whereas caloric intake and TV viewing were significantly and positively associated with obesity. Among black girls, only TV viewing was significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of obesity. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that lower parental educational attainment, one-parent household, and increased caloric intake were significantly associated with the prevalence of obesity in white girls; for black girls, only increased hours of TV viewing were significant in these models. It is concluded that socioeconomic status, as measured by education and income, was related to the prevalence of obesity in girls, with racial variation in these associations. A lower prevalence of obesity was seen at higher levels of socioeconomic status in white girls, whereas no clear relationship was detected in black girls. These findings raise new questions regarding the correlates of obesity in black girls.
本调查的目的是确定社会经济地位（SES）指标是否与9至10岁的黑人和白人女孩及其父母的肥胖呈负相关。研究对象为美国国立心肺血液研究所生长与健康研究（NGHS）的参与者。在基线时收集了2379名NGHS参与者的广泛社会经济地位、人体测量和饮食数据。研究了NGHS女孩及其父母中肥胖患病率与社会经济地位及选定环境因素的关系。在白人女孩中，家庭收入和父母教育水平较高时肥胖发生率较低，但黑人女孩并非如此。在接受检查的NGHS参与者的母亲中，白人母亲的收入和教育水平较高时肥胖患病率较低，但黑人母亲中未发现一致的模式。单因素逻辑模型表明，白人女孩的肥胖患病率与父母收入、教育程度和家庭中父母数量显著负相关，而热量摄入和看电视时间与肥胖显著正相关。在黑人女孩中，只有看电视时间与肥胖患病率显著正相关。多因素逻辑回归模型显示，父母教育程度较低、单亲家庭和热量摄入增加与白人女孩的肥胖患病率显著相关；对于黑人女孩，在这些模型中只有看电视时间增加具有显著性。研究得出结论，以教育和收入衡量的社会经济地位与女孩肥胖患病率有关，这些关联存在种族差异。白人女孩社会经济地位较高时肥胖患病率较低，而黑人女孩中未发现明显关系。这些发现引发了关于黑人女孩肥胖相关因素的新问题。
