McNutt S W, Hu Y, Schreiber G B, Crawford P B, Obarzanek E, Mellin L
Westat Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1997 Jan;20(1):27-37. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(96)00176-0.
To determine whether there are racial differences in the frequency with which black and white girls engaged in eating practices commonly targeted for modification in weight reduction programs.
This is part of the NHLBI Growth and Health Study, a longitudinal study of preadolescent girls designed to examine the factors associated with development of obesity, and its later effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Black and white girls ages 9-10 years at entry (n = 2,379) were recruited at three clinical sites. Racial differences were examined in 11 "weight-related" eating practices such as eating with TV, eating while doing homework, and skipping meals. Multiple logistic regression analyses were then conducted for each of the dependent variables.
Black girls were more than twice as likely as white girls to frequently engage in the targeted weight-related eating practices. The odds of a study girl frequently engaging in most of these eating practices decreased with an increase in parents' income and education level. However, even when controlling for socioeconomic and demographic effects, black girls remained more likely to engage in these eating practices than white girls. For most of the behaviors, girls who frequently practiced a behavior had higher energy intakes compared to those who practiced it infrequently.
The finding that black girls at an early age more frequently engage in eating practices associated with weight gain may have significant implications for obesity development. For both young black and white girls, early education efforts may be necessary in helping develop good eating habits. Since it appears that black girls have a higher risk of developing adverse weight-related eating practices, culturally appropriate education materials may be required.
确定黑人和白人女孩在参与减肥计划中通常针对改变的饮食行为频率上是否存在种族差异。
这是美国国立心肺血液研究所生长与健康研究的一部分，该研究是一项针对青春期前女孩的纵向研究，旨在研究与肥胖发展相关的因素及其对心血管危险因素的后续影响。在三个临床地点招募了入组时年龄为9至10岁的黑人和白人女孩（n = 2379）。研究了11种“与体重相关”的饮食行为中的种族差异，例如边看电视边吃饭、边做作业边吃饭以及不吃饭。然后对每个因变量进行多元逻辑回归分析。
黑人女孩频繁参与目标体重相关饮食行为的可能性是白人女孩的两倍多。随着父母收入和教育水平的提高，研究女孩频繁参与这些饮食行为的几率降低。然而，即使在控制了社会经济和人口统计学影响后，黑人女孩参与这些饮食行为的可能性仍然高于白人女孩。对于大多数行为，频繁实施某一行为的女孩与不常实施该行为的女孩相比，能量摄入量更高。
黑人女孩在早年更频繁地参与与体重增加相关的饮食行为这一发现可能对肥胖发展具有重要意义。对于年轻的黑人和白人女孩来说，早期的教育努力可能对于帮助养成良好饮食习惯是必要的。由于似乎黑人女孩形成不良体重相关饮食行为的风险更高，可能需要适合其文化背景的教育材料。
