Hof P R, Bogaert Y E, Rosenthal R E, Fiskum G
Fishberg Research Center for Neurobiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Chem Neuroanat. 1996 Aug;11(2):81-98. doi: 10.1016/0891-0618(96)00126-3.
Neurophysiological experiments in carnivores have revealed the existence of a large number of cortical regions and an organization of sensory systems quite similar to that found in primates. However, the cyto- and chemoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex is relatively poorly known in carnivores. We analyzed the distribution and typology of classes of neurons containing neurofilament protein or the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin in six neocortical regions of the dog. In all these areas, neurofilament protein was present in a subpopulation of medium-to-large size pyramidal neurons predominantly distributed in layers III and V. Parvalbumin was present in a large population of morphologically diverse interneurons. Small ovoid and multipolar neurons were observed throughout the cortical layers, but predominated in layers II and IV. Layers III and V-VI were characterized by the presence of larger and intensely immunoreactive neurons with bitufted or multipolar morphology, and layers V-VI also contained large multipolar neurons. Calbindin was observed in small round and multipolar interneurons in layer II, and typical double bouquet cells in layer III. Layers IV-VI contained isolated double bouquet cells and large multipolar neurons. A few calbindin-immunoreactive pyramidal neurons were also observed in layer V. Calretinin was localized in bipolar and double bouquet cells in layers II and upper III. The lower part of layer III and layers IV-VI contained rare calretinin-immunoreactive neurons. In some areas, layer III displayed a few large isolated multipolar neurons and pyramidal neurons containing calretinin. In addition, the results show that there is a substantial degree of variability in the distribution of these proteins among cortical regions, and that although they are found in morphologically comparable neuronal types in dog, monkeys, and humans, many differences exist in their regional distribution patterns between carnivores and primates.
对食肉动物进行的神经生理学实验表明，它们存在大量的皮质区域，其感觉系统的组织方式与灵长类动物非常相似。然而，食肉动物大脑皮质的细胞结构和化学结构相对鲜为人知。我们分析了犬类六个新皮质区域中含有神经丝蛋白或钙结合蛋白小白蛋白、钙结合蛋白和钙视网膜蛋白的神经元类别的分布和类型。在所有这些区域中，神经丝蛋白存在于中到大尺寸的锥体神经元亚群中，主要分布在第III层和第V层。小白蛋白存在于大量形态多样的中间神经元中。小卵形和多极神经元在整个皮质层中均有观察到，但在第II层和第IV层中占主导。第III层和第V - VI层的特征是存在较大且免疫反应强烈的双簇状或多极形态的神经元，第V - VI层也包含大型多极神经元。在第II层的小圆形和多极中间神经元以及第III层的典型双花束细胞中观察到了钙结合蛋白。第IV - VI层包含孤立的双花束细胞和大型多极神经元。在第V层也观察到了一些钙结合蛋白免疫反应阳性的锥体神经元。钙视网膜蛋白定位于第II层和第III层上部的双极和双花束细胞中。第III层下部和第IV - VI层含有罕见的钙视网膜蛋白免疫反应阳性神经元。在某些区域，第III层显示出一些大型孤立的多极神经元和含有钙视网膜蛋白的锥体神经元。此外，结果表明这些蛋白质在皮质区域之间的分布存在很大程度的变异性，并且尽管它们在犬、猴和人类的形态可比神经元类型中都有发现，但食肉动物和灵长类动物在其区域分布模式上存在许多差异。
