Herpin P, Le Dividich J, Hulin J C, Fillaut M, De Marco F, Bertin R
INRA, Station de Recherches Porcines, Saint-Gilles, France.
J Anim Sci. 1996 Sep;74(9):2067-75. doi: 10.2527/1996.7492067x.
Newborn pigs (n = 117) were used to provide information on the relationships of degree of asphyxia during delivery, viability at birth, and some striking aspects of postnatal vitality including survival, interval between birth and first udder contact and between birth and first suckling, rectal temperature at 24 h of life (RT24), and growth rate over the first 10 d of life. The degree of asphyxia at birth was estimated from cord blood pCO2, pH, and lactate levels. Onset of respiration, heart rate, skin color, and attempts to stand during the first minute after birth were used to estimate the viability score. Neonatal asphyxia, i.e., decreased blood pH and increased blood pCO2 and lactate, was associated with the production of unusually high levels of catecholamines. The degree of asphyxia increased with late position in the birth order (P < .01) and was higher in piglets born posteriorly (P < 0.5). Further, the average blood pCO2 within a litter increased (P < .05) with litter size. The was an inverse relationship between the degree of asphyxia and the viability score (P < .001). Highly viable piglets reached the udder more rapidly (P < .001) and had a higher RT24 (P < .001) than those of low viability. Plasma glucose concentrations increased with blood pCO2 and plasma epinephrine concentrations (P < .001). Neonatal asphyxia reduced postnatal vitality by delaying the first contact with the udder (P < .03) and was associated with a lower RT24 (P < .05), growth rate (P < .001), and survival over 10 d (P < 0.06). These variables, i.e., interval between birth and first udder contact, RT24, and growth rate, were correlated with birth weight (P < .001); RT24 was also shown to decrease (P < .001) with the time taken to reach the udder. Overall, results suggest that piglet suffering from asphyxia during delivery are less viable at birth and less prone to adapt to extrauterine life.
使用117头新生仔猪来获取有关分娩期间窒息程度、出生时的生存能力以及出生后活力的一些显著方面的信息，这些方面包括存活情况、出生至首次接触乳房的间隔时间、出生至首次吮乳的间隔时间、出生后24小时的直肠温度（RT24）以及出生后前10天的生长速率。出生时的窒息程度通过脐血二氧化碳分压（pCO2）、pH值和乳酸水平来估计。出生后第一分钟内的呼吸开始情况、心率、皮肤颜色以及站立尝试情况用于估计生存能力评分。新生儿窒息，即血液pH值降低、血液pCO2和乳酸水平升高，与儿茶酚胺水平异常升高有关。窒息程度随着出生顺序靠后而增加（P < 0.01），且出生靠后的仔猪窒息程度更高（P < 0.5）。此外，一窝仔猪内的平均血液pCO2随着窝产仔数增加而升高（P < 0.05）。窒息程度与生存能力评分呈负相关（P < 0.001）。高生存能力的仔猪比低生存能力的仔猪更快到达乳房（P < 0.001），且RT24更高（P < 0.001）。血浆葡萄糖浓度随着血液pCO2和血浆肾上腺素浓度升高而增加（P < 0.001）。新生儿窒息通过延迟首次接触乳房降低了出生后的活力（P < 0.03），并与较低的RT24（P < 0.05）、生长速率（P < 0.001）以及10天内的存活率（P < 0.06）相关。这些变量，即出生至首次接触乳房的间隔时间、RT24和生长速率，与出生体重相关（P < 0.001）；RT24也随着到达乳房所需时间的增加而降低（P < 0.001）。总体而言，结果表明分娩期间遭受窒息的仔猪出生时生存能力较低，且较难适应宫外生活。
