Lowe K, Felce D, Blackman D
Welsh Centre for Learning Disabilities Applied Research Unit, Cardiff, Wales.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 1996 Aug;40 ( Pt 4):336-47.
Two specialist community services for people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour were evaluated over approximately 3 years. Intervention effectiveness was assessed with respect to changes in subjects' skills, challenging behaviours, mental health and quality of life, and to changes in staff morale. Subjects assessed as having challenging behaviour but not referred for specialist input were also studied. Comparison of changes in referred and non-referred samples over time showed minor differences only, indicating little intervention effect and demonstrating stability in the comparison sample. Analysis of the two services separately yielded different results. Positive client change was evident with respect to one service, whilst little change was noted with respect to the other. There was little evidence to suggest that either service had any effect on staff morale. Differences between the two services in terms of structure, staffing characteristics and operational policies are discussed as possible factors in the differential results obtained. A major issue raised by the study concerns the quality of settings from which the subjects were referred for specialist support. This is discussed as a factor which may limit the effectiveness of specialist input.
对两项为有学习障碍和挑战性行为的人群提供的专业社区服务进行了约3年的评估。从服务对象的技能、挑战性行为、心理健康和生活质量的变化以及工作人员士气的变化方面评估了干预效果。还对那些被评估为有挑战性行为但未被转介接受专业服务的对象进行了研究。随着时间的推移，对转介样本和未转介样本的变化进行比较，结果仅显示出细微差异，表明干预效果甚微，且对照样本具有稳定性。分别对两项服务进行分析得出了不同的结果。一项服务明显带来了服务对象的积极改变，而另一项服务则几乎没有变化。几乎没有证据表明任何一项服务对工作人员士气有影响。讨论了两项服务在结构、人员配备特点和运营政策方面的差异，这些可能是导致不同结果的因素。该研究提出的一个主要问题涉及服务对象被转介接受专业支持的机构的质量。这被作为一个可能限制专业服务效果的因素进行了讨论。
