Schwarz R H, Johnston R B
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, White Plains, New York, USA.
Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Nov;88(5):886-7. doi: 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00270-0.
The periconceptional intake of 400 micrograms of folic acid can prevent 50-70% of neural tube defects. It is difficult to achieve this intake with diet alone, even with the recently approved levels for grain-food fortification. Therefore, a daily multivitamin with folic acid is recommended for all women of childbearing potential. Obstetrician-gynecologists should exercise every opportunity to educate their patients to this end. Although raised as a concern, the potential of masking the megaloblastic anemia of pernicious anemia is unlikely with these levels of supplementation, and considering the rarity of the disease in women of reproductive age.
受孕前摄入400微克叶酸可预防50%-70%的神经管缺陷。即使有最近批准的谷物食品强化水平，仅通过饮食也很难达到这一摄入量。因此，建议所有有生育潜力的女性每日服用含叶酸的多种维生素。妇产科医生应利用一切机会为此教育他们的患者。尽管有人提出担忧，但在这些补充水平下，掩盖恶性贫血的巨幼细胞贫血的可能性不大，而且考虑到这种疾病在育龄女性中罕见。
