Irwin K L, Edlin B R, Faruque S, McCoy H V, Word C, Serrano Y, Inciardi J, Bowser B, Holmberg S D
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996 Oct;42(2):85-92. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(96)01262-8.
A survey of 1220 street-recruited crack cocaine smokers revealed that crack smokers may turn to drug injection to ease crack withdrawal. Crack smokers who later injected tended to smoke crack more heavily and for longer periods than those who did not inject. The initiation of injection was significantly associated with ever snorting heroin (prevalence ratio [PR] = 3.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0-5.9) or snorting heroin specifically while smoking crack (PR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.3-4.0), suggesting that snorted heroin use may mediate the transition to injection among crack smokers. Programs to prevent and treat crack dependence may prevent later injection and injection-related infections including HIV.
一项针对1220名街头招募的快克可卡因吸食者的调查显示，快克可卡因吸食者可能会转而采用药物注射来缓解快克可卡因戒断反应。后来开始注射的快克可卡因吸食者往往比未注射者吸食快克可卡因的量更大、时间更长。开始注射与曾吸食海洛因（患病率比[PR]=3.4，95%置信区间[CI]=2.0-5.9）或在吸食快克可卡因时专门吸食海洛因（PR=2.3，95%CI=1.3-4.0）显著相关，这表明吸食海洛因可能介导了快克可卡因吸食者向注射行为的转变。预防和治疗快克可卡因成瘾的项目可能会预防后续的注射行为以及包括艾滋病毒在内的与注射相关的感染。
