美国16个城市中通过街头招募的注射吸毒者和快克可卡因使用者中的艾滋病毒血清流行率。
HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities.
作者信息
Kral A H, Bluthenthal R N, Booth R E, Watters J K
机构信息
Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Jan;88(1):108-13. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.1.108.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study deter- mined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among street-recruited injection drug users and crack cocaine smokers.
METHODS
An analysis was performed on HIV serologies and risk behaviors of 6402 injection drug users and 3383 crack smokers in 16 US municipalities in 1992 and 1993.
RESULTS
HIV seroprevalence was 12.7% among injection drug users and 7.5% among crack smokers. Most high-seroprevalence municipalities (>25%) were located along the eastern seaboard of the United States. In high-seroprevalence municipalities, but not in others, HIV seroprevalence was higher for injection drug users than for crack smokers. Among injection drug users, cocaine injection, use of speedballs (cocaine or amphetamines with heroin), and sexual risk behaviors were independently associated with HIV infection. Among crack smokers, sexual risk behaviors were associated with HIV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Injection drug users and crack smokers are at high risk for HIV infection.
摘要
目的
本研究确定了在街头招募的注射吸毒者和吸食快克可卡因者中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的血清流行率以及与HIV感染相关的因素。
方法
对1992年和1993年美国16个城市的6402名注射吸毒者和3383名吸食快克可卡因者的HIV血清学和风险行为进行了分析。
结果
注射吸毒者中的HIV血清流行率为12.7%，吸食快克可卡因者中的血清流行率为7.5%。大多数血清流行率高（>25%）的城市位于美国东海岸。在血清流行率高的城市中，注射吸毒者的HIV血清流行率高于吸食快克可卡因者，而在其他城市则不然。在注射吸毒者中，注射可卡因、使用速球（可卡因或苯丙胺与海洛因混合）以及性风险行为与HIV感染独立相关。在吸食快克可卡因者中，性风险行为与HIV感染相关。
结论
注射吸毒者和吸食快克可卡因者感染HIV的风险很高。
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