Des Jarlais D C, Wenston J, Friedman S R, Sotheran J L, Maslansky R, Marmor M
Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York 10013.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 1992 Fall;9(4):319-25. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(92)90025-j.
We examined crack use in a cohort of methadone patients originally enrolled in 1984-86. Crack use questions were added to the study in 1987. Of the 494 methadone patients originally enrolled, 228 subjects remained in methadone and were re-interviewed in 1987-88, and 234 remained in methadone and were re-interviewed in 1988-89. Approximately one-quarter of the subjects were using crack at each of the 1987-88 and 1988-89 data collection points, and only 3% of the subjects were using crack at daily or greater frequencies at each of the 1987-88 and 1988-89 interviews. Concurrent crack use was associated with (a) the number of noninjected drugs being used; (b) the number of IV drug-using sexual partners; (c) drug injection; and (d) the use of nonheroin opiates. Persistent crack use, defined as use in both 1987-88 and 1988-89, was associated with previous noninjected drug use and previous suicide attempts. While the potential problem of crack use among methadone patients should not be minimized, it appears that, compared to illicit drug injectors not in treatment, being in methadone maintenance may offer a protective effect against crack use.
我们对一组于1984 - 1986年首次纳入的美沙酮治疗患者的快克使用情况进行了研究。快克使用相关问题于1987年被纳入该研究。在最初纳入的494名美沙酮治疗患者中，228名患者仍在接受美沙酮治疗，并于1987 - 1988年接受了再次访谈，另外234名患者仍在接受美沙酮治疗，并于1988 - 1989年接受了再次访谈。在1987 - 1988年和1988 - 1989年的每个数据收集点，约四分之一的受试者使用快克，而在1987 - 1988年和1988 - 1989年的每次访谈中，只有3%的受试者每天或更频繁地使用快克。同时使用快克与以下因素相关：(a)正在使用的非注射类药物数量；(b)静脉注射吸毒性伴侣的数量；(c)药物注射；以及(d)非海洛因阿片类药物的使用。持续使用快克（定义为在1987 - 1988年和1988 - 1989年都使用）与之前使用非注射类药物以及之前的自杀企图相关。虽然美沙酮治疗患者中快克使用的潜在问题不应被轻视，但与未接受治疗的非法药物注射者相比，接受美沙酮维持治疗似乎可能对快克使用起到保护作用。
