Langley-Evans S C, Clamp A G, Grimble R F, Jackson A A
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, UK.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 1996 Sep;47(5):417-25. doi: 10.3109/09637489609006955.
Studies were performed to determine whether feeding diets with differing fatty acid content and composition had an influence on systolic blood pressure in the rat. Weanling male rats were fed standard laboratory chow (2.9% fat in total), or synthetic diets (10% fat in total) containing fish oil, butter, coconut oil or corn oil, for 5 weeks. Coconut oil and butter diets were rich in saturated fatty acids, whilst fish oil and corn oil were rich in the n-3 and n-6 unsaturated fatty acids respectively. Systolic blood pressure was measured using an indirect tail-cuff method at the end of the feeding period, and compared to a group of weanling rats. Feeding the different diets did not alter the growth of the rats, so all animals were of similar weights at the time of blood pressure determination. Control (chow fed) animals, at nine weeks of age, had higher systolic blood pressures than the weanling, baseline control group. Fish oil fed rats had similar pressures to the chow fed rats. Corn oil fed rats had significantly lower systolic pressures than the controls. The rats led the diets rich in saturated fatty acids (butter and coconut oil) had significantly higher blood pressures than all other groups. Systolic blood pressure was found to be significantly related to the dietary intakes of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The dietary intake of linoleic acid was significantly higher in corn oil fed rats than in other groups. Systolic blood pressure was inversely related to linoleic acid intake. Feeding a diet rich in saturated fatty acids significantly increases blood pressure in the rat. A high intake of n-6 fatty acids, and in particular linoleic acid, appears to have a hypotensive effect. Prenatal exposure of the rats to a maternal low protein diet, abolished the hypertensive effects of the coconut oil diet and the hypotensive effect of the corn oil diet upon young adult females. The intrauterine environment may, therefore, be an important determinant of the effects of these fatty acids on blood pressure in later life.
开展了多项研究以确定喂食脂肪酸含量和组成不同的饮食是否会对大鼠的收缩压产生影响。将断乳雄性大鼠喂食标准实验室饲料（总脂肪含量为2.9%）或含鱼油、黄油、椰子油或玉米油的合成饲料（总脂肪含量为10%），持续5周。椰子油和黄油饲料富含饱和脂肪酸，而鱼油和玉米油分别富含n-3和n-6不饱和脂肪酸。在喂食期结束时，使用间接尾套法测量收缩压，并与一组断乳大鼠进行比较。喂食不同的饮食并未改变大鼠的生长情况，因此在测定血压时所有动物体重相似。对照组（喂食饲料）动物在9周龄时的收缩压高于断乳的基线对照组。喂食鱼油的大鼠血压与喂食饲料的大鼠相似。喂食玉米油的大鼠收缩压显著低于对照组。喂食富含饱和脂肪酸（黄油和椰子油）饲料的大鼠血压显著高于所有其他组。发现收缩压与饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的饮食摄入量显著相关。喂食玉米油的大鼠亚油酸的饮食摄入量显著高于其他组。收缩压与亚油酸摄入量呈负相关。喂食富含饱和脂肪酸的饮食会显著提高大鼠的血压。高摄入n-6脂肪酸，尤其是亚油酸，似乎具有降压作用。大鼠在产前暴露于母体低蛋白饮食，消除了椰子油饮食对成年雌性大鼠的高血压作用以及玉米油饮食的降压作用。因此，子宫内环境可能是这些脂肪酸对后期生活血压影响的重要决定因素。
