Berg K, Norman K E
Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1996 Nov;12(4):705-23.
Individuals must be able to maintain an upright posture under a variety of conditions and to move independently. These constructs of balance and gait are fundamental components of physical functioning and should be incorporated into clinical assessment of older adults. The primary objective, therefore, is to review existing measures of functional balance and gait, concentrating on those which are quantitative, practical for use in clinical settings, and have demonstrated acceptable measurement properties. In addition, we discuss the rationale for the functional assessment of balance and gait, review essential measurement criteria, and discuss the utility of valid standardized measurement in clinical practice.
个体必须能够在各种情况下保持直立姿势并独立移动。平衡和步态这些要素是身体功能的基本组成部分，应纳入对老年人的临床评估中。因此，主要目的是回顾现有的功能平衡和步态测量方法，重点关注那些定量的、适用于临床环境且已证明具有可接受测量特性的方法。此外，我们讨论了平衡和步态功能评估的基本原理，回顾了基本的测量标准，并讨论了有效标准化测量在临床实践中的效用。
