Visser F E, Kuilman M, Oosting J, Overweg J, van Wijk J, van Huffelen A C
Centre for the Intellectually Disabled, s Heeren Loo-Lozenoord, Ermelo, The Netherlands.
Acta Neurol Scand. 1996 Aug;94(2):97-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1996.tb07037.x.
We studied the role of electroencephalography (EEG) in the diagnosis of Alzheimer-type dementia in patients with Down's syndrome. 197 patients with Down's syndrome were monitored for 5 to 8 years. Aspects of cognitive functioning were assessed twice yearly. EEGs were scored in a blind fashion, and changes in the EEG were compared to changes in cognitive functioning. When possible, a neuropathological post-mortem examination was performed. Cognitive functioning was drastically reduced in 29 patients. The dominant occipital rhythm became slower at the onset of the cognitive deterioration, and eventually disappeared. In 11 of these patients neuropathological examination showed a severe form of Alzheimer's disease. Changes in the frequency of the dominant occipital rhythm could distinguish between Alzheimer's disease or other causes as underlying the cognitive decline. Slowing of the dominant occipital rhythm seems to be related to Alzheimer's disease in patients with Down's syndrome, and the frequency of the dominant occipital activity decreases at the onset of cognitive deterioration. The EEG is thus an important tool in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer-type dementia in patients with Down's syndrome.
我们研究了脑电图（EEG）在唐氏综合征患者阿尔茨海默型痴呆诊断中的作用。对197名唐氏综合征患者进行了5至8年的监测。每年对认知功能方面进行两次评估。以盲法对脑电图进行评分，并将脑电图的变化与认知功能的变化进行比较。在可能的情况下，进行了神经病理学尸检。29名患者的认知功能急剧下降。在认知功能恶化开始时，优势枕叶节律变慢，最终消失。在其中11名患者中，神经病理学检查显示为严重形式的阿尔茨海默病。优势枕叶节律频率的变化可以区分阿尔茨海默病或其他导致认知下降的原因。优势枕叶节律变慢似乎与唐氏综合征患者的阿尔茨海默病有关，并且在认知功能恶化开始时优势枕叶活动的频率降低。因此，脑电图是唐氏综合征患者阿尔茨海默型痴呆临床诊断中的一项重要工具。
