Richter K D, Mukherjee K D, Weber N
Zentrale Tierexperimentelle Einrichtung, Medizinischen Fakultät Westfalische Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1996 Sep;35(3):241-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01625687.
Beneficial effects on health parameters by ingestion of plant oils having high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic (cis-9-octadecenoic) acid have been described in several studies. Recently, we have shown that feeding of coriander oil containing high proportions of a positional isomer of oleic acid, i.e. petroselinic (cis-6-octadecenoic) acid, led to significantly decreasing proportions of arachidonic (all cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic) acid in the cellular lipids. Here, we report histopathological findings in male Wistar rats fed isocaloric diets containing 2% corn oil and 12% (w/w), each, of different plant oils (high-oleic and conventional sunflower oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil as well as coriander oil) containing varying levels of monounsaturated fatty acids, i.e. oleic or petroselinic acids. One group of animals was fed a standard diet containing 4% (w/w) of fat as control. Liver, heart, aorta, stomach, and spleen were anatomically and histologically examined. Livers of animals from all the groups that had received high-fat diets-except the coriander oil group-showed moderate non-degenerative fat infiltrations of the hepatocytes beginning in the periportal fields. Marked to severe fat infiltration was observed in hepatocytes of animals fed coriander oil. In this experimental group the livers were found to contain fatty cysts in addition to hepatocytes with mixed-size lipid vesicles. Moreover, enlarged nuclei were observed in numerous hepatocytes without fat infiltration. Fat infiltration was not observed in livers of animals fed a rat standard diet. In the cells of all other organs and tissues studied, in particular heart and aorta, neither non-degenerative fat infiltrations nor other degenerative changes were observed for any group. Our results show that feeding of fat-rich diets containing varying proportions of C18 cis-monoenoic fatty acids induced different histopathological alterations in the livers of rats, depending on position of the double bond. Plant oils containing varying proportions of oleic acid lead exclusively to moderate fat infiltration in the hepatocytes, whereas in the animals fed high-petroselinic coriander oil degenerative alterations (fatty cysts) as well as -in several cases-enlarged nuclei were found that are likely due to a non-specific stimulation of the hepatocytes resulting from the cell degeneration observed.
多项研究描述了摄入富含单不饱和脂肪酸（如油酸（顺式-9-十八碳烯酸））的植物油对健康参数的有益影响。最近，我们发现，喂食含有高比例油酸位置异构体即岩芹酸（顺式-6-十八碳烯酸）的芫荽油，会导致细胞脂质中花生四烯酸（全顺式-5,8,11,14-二十碳四烯酸）的比例显著降低。在此，我们报告了雄性Wistar大鼠的组织病理学研究结果，这些大鼠喂食了等热量饮食，其中分别含有2%玉米油以及12%（w/w）不同的植物油（高油酸和常规葵花籽油、橄榄油、菜籽油以及芫荽油），这些植物油含有不同水平的单不饱和脂肪酸，即油酸或岩芹酸。一组动物喂食含有4%（w/w）脂肪的标准饮食作为对照。对肝脏、心脏、主动脉、胃和脾脏进行了解剖学和组织学检查。除芫荽油组外，所有接受高脂肪饮食组动物的肝脏在门周区域开始出现中度非退行性肝细胞脂肪浸润。在喂食芫荽油的动物肝细胞中观察到明显至严重的脂肪浸润。在该实验组中，肝脏除了含有带有大小不一脂质小泡的肝细胞外，还发现了脂肪囊肿。此外，在许多无脂肪浸润的肝细胞中观察到细胞核增大。喂食大鼠标准饮食的动物肝脏未观察到脂肪浸润。在研究的所有其他器官和组织的细胞中，特别是心脏和主动脉，任何组均未观察到非退行性脂肪浸润或其他退行性变化。我们的结果表明，喂食含有不同比例C18顺式单烯脂肪酸的高脂肪饮食会在大鼠肝脏中诱导不同的组织病理学改变，这取决于双键的位置。含有不同比例油酸的植物油仅导致肝细胞中度脂肪浸润，而在喂食高岩芹酸芫荽油的动物中发现了退行性改变（脂肪囊肿）以及在一些情况下细胞核增大，这可能是由于观察到的细胞变性对肝细胞的非特异性刺激所致。
