胼胝体的正常与异常膝部：进化、胚胎学、解剖学及磁共振成像分析
The normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum: an evolutionary, embryologic, anatomic, and MR analysis.
作者信息
Kier E L, Truwit C L
机构信息
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. 06520, USA.
出版信息
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996 Oct;17(9):1631-41.
PURPOSE
To define the normal and abnormal genu of the corpus callosum by examining its evolution and embryology and by analyzing its normal and abnormal appearance on MR images.
METHODS
A reference line was drawn from the mamillary body through the anterior commissure and corpus callosum-the MAC line. This line was used to evaluate the genu in adult mammal brains, in human fetal brains, on MR images of 1800 patients with normal corpora callosi, and on MR images of 113 patients with callosal anomalies.
RESULTS
In primates, increased frontal lobe size is associated with an anteriorly shifted genu. In human fetal development, the anterior body of the corpus callosum develops before the definitive genu. The normal human genu always projects in front of the MAC line. In none of the 113 patients with callosal anomalies was there only a normal genu.
CONCLUSIONS
The human corpus callosum develops bidirectionally, not from front to back. The MAC line is a useful frame of reference to study the evolution and embryology of the genu and to distinguish the normal from the abnormal genu of the human corpus callosum.
目的
通过研究胼胝体膝部的发育和胚胎学，并分析其在磁共振成像（MR）上的正常和异常表现，来界定胼胝体膝部的正常与异常情况。
方法
从乳头体经前连合和胼胝体绘制一条参考线——MAC线。该线用于评估成年哺乳动物脑、人类胎儿脑、1800例胼胝体正常患者的MR图像以及113例胼胝体异常患者的MR图像中的膝部情况。
结果
在灵长类动物中，额叶尺寸增加与膝部向前移位有关。在人类胎儿发育过程中，胼胝体的前体在确定的膝部之前发育。正常人类的膝部总是投射在MAC线之前。在113例胼胝体异常患者中，无一例仅有正常的膝部。
结论
人类胼胝体是双向发育的，而非从前向后发育。MAC线是研究膝部发育和胚胎学以及区分人类胼胝体膝部正常与异常的有用参考框架。
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