O'Brien C, Freund B J, Sawka M N, McKay J, Hesslink R L, Jones T E
US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA.
Arctic Med Res. 1996 Jan;55(1):20-6.
To quantify the magnitude of dehydration and to identify predictors of dehydration by utilizing changes in total body water (TBW), 24 male Marines were studied during an 8d moderately cold-weather (1-3 degrees C) training exercise. Training consisted of approximately 12 h/d of moderately intense activity. Variables examined included body composition, TBW, and various blood and urinary parameters indicative of hydration. Dietary food and fluid records were also maintained. Body composition changes were consistently with the high energy expenditure and insufficient energy intake. Despite a decrease in TBW, significant dehydration as assessed by blood and urinary parameters did not occur over the 8d period, therefore no relationships were found between TBW and any of the clinical indicators of dehydration. The change in TBW was reflective of a decrease in lean body mass. These data suggest that during cold-weather military field exercise, despite high activity levels and a negative energy balance, body fluid balance can be maintained when particular attention is paid to fluid intake.
为了通过利用总体水（TBW）的变化来量化脱水程度并确定脱水的预测因素，对24名男性海军陆战队员在为期8天的中度寒冷天气（1-3摄氏度）训练演习期间进行了研究。训练包括每天约12小时的中等强度活动。检查的变量包括身体成分、TBW以及各种表明水合作用的血液和尿液参数。还记录了饮食中的食物和液体摄入量。身体成分的变化与高能量消耗和能量摄入不足一致。尽管TBW有所下降，但在8天期间通过血液和尿液参数评估并未出现明显脱水，因此未发现TBW与任何脱水临床指标之间存在关联。TBW的变化反映了瘦体重的减少。这些数据表明，在寒冷天气的军事野外演习期间，尽管活动水平高且能量平衡为负，但当特别注意液体摄入时，体液平衡可以维持。
