McDermott Brendon P, Anderson Scott A, Armstrong Lawrence E, Casa Douglas J, Cheuvront Samuel N, Cooper Larry, Kenney W Larry, O'Connor Francis G, Roberts William O
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.
University of Oklahoma, Norman.
J Athl Train. 2017 Sep;52(9):877-895. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-52.9.02.
To present evidence-based recommendations that promote optimized fluid-maintenance practices for physically active individuals.
Both a lack of adequate fluid replacement (hypohydration) and excessive intake (hyperhydration) can compromise athletic performance and increase health risks. Athletes need access to water to prevent hypohydration during physical activity but must be aware of the risks of overdrinking and hyponatremia. Drinking behavior can be modified by education, accessibility, experience, and palatability. This statement updates practical recommendations regarding fluid-replacement strategies for physically active individuals.
Educate physically active people regarding the benefits of fluid replacement to promote performance and safety and the potential risks of both hypohydration and hyperhydration on health and physical performance. Quantify sweat rates for physically active individuals during exercise in various environments. Work with individuals to develop fluid-replacement practices that promote sufficient but not excessive hydration before, during, and after physical activity.
提出基于证据的建议，以促进为身体活跃的个体优化液体维持措施。
液体补充不足（低水合状态）和摄入过多（高水合状态）均会损害运动表现并增加健康风险。运动员需要补充水分以防止运动期间出现低水合状态，但必须意识到过度饮水和低钠血症的风险。饮水行为可通过教育、可及性、经验和适口性来改变。本声明更新了关于身体活跃个体液体补充策略的实用建议。
对身体活跃的人群进行教育，使其了解液体补充对提高运动表现和安全性的益处，以及低水合状态和高水合状态对健康和运动表现的潜在风险。在各种环境下运动时，为身体活跃的个体测定出汗率。与个体合作制定液体补充措施，以促进在身体活动前、期间和之后充分但不过度的水合作用。
