Wall T L, Garcia-Andrade C, Thomasson H R, Cole M, Ehlers C L
Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Oct;20(7):1159-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01105.x.
The high prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence among Native Americans may be mediated by unique environmental and genetic factors in this population. One factor that may influence the development of alcoholism is variability in alcohol metabolism. To determine factors that contribute to differences in alcohol elimination rates within a Native American population, this study evaluated healthy southern California Mission Indian men between the ages of 18 and 25 years. Each man drank a dose of alcohol, 0.56 g/kg of body weight as a 20% by volume solution, at approximately 9:00 AM after eating a low-fat breakfast and having fasted overnight. The drink was consumed within 7 min, and the concentrations of alcohol in blood were determined before and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after beverage ingestion. Rates of alcohol elimination were calculated from the pseudolinear slope of the blood alcohol versus time curve. The influences of estimated body water, recent drinking history, recent smoking history, polymorphism at the ADH2 and ADH3 loci, family history of alcoholism, and percentage Native American heritage on alcohol elimination rate were determined using multiple regression analyses. Estimated body water accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in alcohol elimination rate. There was also a nonsignificant trend for subjects with an ADH23 allele (n = 6) to have faster rates of alcohol elimination than those with ADH21 alleles only (n = 33). Given the high prevalence of alcoholism and alcohol-related health problems among Native Americans, the results from this study suggest that evaluation of alcohol metabolism and genotypes of the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in Native American populations merits further study.
美国原住民中酒精滥用和酒精依赖的高患病率可能由该人群独特的环境和遗传因素介导。一个可能影响酒精中毒发展的因素是酒精代谢的变异性。为了确定导致美国原住民人群酒精消除率差异的因素，本研究评估了18至25岁健康的南加州米申印第安男性。每位男性在食用低脂早餐并禁食过夜后，于上午9点左右饮用一剂酒精，剂量为0.56克/千克体重，以体积分数20%的溶液形式。饮料在7分钟内喝完，并在饮用饮料前以及饮用后15、30、60、90、120和150分钟测定血液中的酒精浓度。酒精消除率根据血醇与时间曲线的假线性斜率计算得出。使用多元回归分析确定估计的身体水分、近期饮酒史、近期吸烟史、ADH2和ADH3基因座的多态性、酒精中毒家族史以及美国原住民血统百分比对酒精消除率的影响。估计的身体水分在酒精消除率的方差中占很大比例。携带ADH23等位基因的受试者（n = 6）与仅携带ADH21等位基因的受试者（n = 33）相比，酒精消除率有更快的趋势，但不显著。鉴于美国原住民中酒精中毒和与酒精相关的健康问题的高患病率，本研究结果表明，对美国原住民人群酒精代谢和酒精代谢酶基因型的评估值得进一步研究。
