van Pée K H
Institut für Biochemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 1996;50:375-99. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.375.
Halogenated metabolites, originally thought to be infrequent in nature, are actually nothing unusual at all, and are produced by many different organisms, including bacteria. Whereas marine bacteria usually produce brominated compounds, terrestrial bacteria preferentially synthesize chlorometabolites, but fluoro- and iodometabolites can also be found. Haloperoxidases, enzymes capable of catalyzing the formation of carbon halogen bonds in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and halide ions (Cl-, Br- and I-) have been isolated and characterized from different bacteria. These enzymes turned out to be very unspecific and are obviously not the type of halogenating enzymes responsible for the formation of halometabolites in bacteria. A yet-unknown type of halogenating enzyme having both substrate and regio-specificity must be involved in the biosynthesis of halogenated compounds.
卤代代谢产物最初被认为在自然界中并不常见，实际上却毫无特别之处，许多不同的生物体包括细菌都能产生卤代代谢产物。海洋细菌通常产生溴化化合物，而陆生细菌则优先合成氯代代谢产物，但氟代和碘代代谢产物也能被发现。卤过氧化物酶是一类在过氧化氢和卤离子（Cl-、Br-和I-）存在下能够催化碳卤键形成的酶，已从不同细菌中分离并鉴定出来。结果发现这些酶的特异性很差，显然不是负责细菌中卤代代谢产物形成的那种卤化酶。卤代化合物的生物合成必定涉及一种底物和区域特异性均未知的卤化酶。
