Moran T A
Department of Physiological Nursing San Francisco General Hospital University of California, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1996 Oct;10(10):1509-16; discussion 1523-4, 1527.
As many as 40% of individuals infected with HIV will be diagnosed with a malignancy during the course of their illness. Although neoplasms of all organ systems have been reported in infected patients, Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, and invasive squamous cell cervical carcinoma are considered to be diagnostic of AIDS in the presence of HIV infection. The rapidity with which these malignancies are diagnosed can affect the morbidity experienced by patients. The management of patients with AIDS-related malignancies poses several challenges for oncology nurses. First, most such patients are treated with either chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and use of these modalities is complicated by the underlying HIV infection. Second, patients with AIDS-related malignancies experience numerous symptoms, and again, management of these symptoms is compounded by the underlying disease. By applying their knowledge and experience, oncology nurses can greatly lessen morbidity in these patients.
多达40%的艾滋病毒感染者在患病过程中会被诊断出患有恶性肿瘤。尽管在感染患者中已报告了所有器官系统的肿瘤，但在感染艾滋病毒的情况下，卡波西肉瘤（KS）、非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）、原发性中枢神经系统（CNS）淋巴瘤和浸润性宫颈鳞状细胞癌被认为是艾滋病的诊断依据。这些恶性肿瘤的诊断速度会影响患者所经历的发病率。艾滋病相关恶性肿瘤患者的管理给肿瘤学护士带来了几个挑战。首先，大多数此类患者接受化疗或放疗，而这些治疗方式的使用因潜在的艾滋病毒感染而变得复杂。其次，艾滋病相关恶性肿瘤患者会出现许多症状，同样，这些症状的管理也因潜在疾病而变得更加复杂。通过运用他们的知识和经验，肿瘤学护士可以大大降低这些患者的发病率。
