人类颈部肌肉的反射（卸载）和（防御性屈服）反应。

Reflex (unloading) and (defensive capitulation) responses in human neck muscle.

Corna S, Ito Y, von Brevern M, Bronstein A M, Gresty M A

Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Instituto di Ricovero E Cura A Carattere Scientifico, Novara, Italy.

J Physiol. 1996 Oct 15;496 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):589-96. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021710.

Abstract

We studied unloading and stretch responses in human neck muscle during manoeuvres in which the head pulled against a 2-3 kg weight which could be abruptly released or applied electromagnetically. 2. During head tracking in pitch, unloading of the weight induced inhibition of EMG in the contracting sternocleidomastoid at a mean latency of 24.9 ms in normal subjects and at 41 ms in bilateral labyrinthine-defective subjects, with antagonist (trapezius) excitation at 30.5 and 41.3 ms, respectively. During tracking in yaw, unloading induced inhibition in the contracting splenius capitis (SpC) at a mean latency of 20.4 ms in normal subjects and 25 ms in labyrinthine-defective subjects, with excitation in the antagonist SpC at 22.2 and 24 ms, respectively. 3. If subjects tried to resist an unexpected sideways tug on the head a burst occurred in the stretched SpC at a mean latency of 53.5 ms. When subjects relaxed there was excitation of the shortening of SpC at 75.9 ms, which assisted the imposed motion and is possibly a "defensive reflex".

摘要

我们研究了人体颈部肌肉在头部对抗2-3千克重物的操作过程中的卸载和拉伸反应，该重物可突然释放或通过电磁方式施加。2. 在俯仰方向的头部跟踪过程中，重物卸载导致正常受试者收缩的胸锁乳突肌肌电图抑制，平均潜伏期为24.9毫秒，双侧迷路缺陷受试者为41毫秒，拮抗剂（斜方肌）分别在30.5毫秒和41.3毫秒兴奋。在偏航方向跟踪过程中，重物卸载导致正常受试者收缩的头夹肌（SpC）抑制，平均潜伏期为20.4毫秒，迷路缺陷受试者为25毫秒，拮抗剂头夹肌分别在22.2毫秒和24毫秒兴奋。3. 如果受试者试图抵抗头部意外的侧向拉扯，拉伸的头夹肌会在平均潜伏期53.5毫秒时出现一阵活动。当受试者放松时，头夹肌缩短在75.9毫秒时兴奋，这有助于施加的运动，可能是一种“防御反射”。