Mann R E, Smart R G, Anglin L
Addition Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Stud Alcohol. 1996 Nov;57(6):646-51. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1996.57.646.
The purpose of this study was to determine if alcohol-related measures (per capita consumption, drinking-driving arrest rate, alcohol abuse treatment rate and Alcoholics Anonymous [AA] membership rate) were related to differences between states in traffic fatality rates (total and alcohol-related).
Fatality rates were regressed onto the alcohol-related variables, using state level data for 1982 and 1990 as well as measures of relative change between the 2 years.
Fatality rates demonstrated significant positive relationships with per capita consumption and drinking-driving arrest rates, and significant negative relationships with AA membership rates, for the years 1982 and 1990. Also, changes in per capita consumption were significantly and positively related to changes in both traffic fatality measures.
Per capita alcohol consumption measures were the strongest and most consistent determinants of traffic fatality measures. The negative relationship between AA membership rates and traffic fatality measures for 1982 and 1990 suggests a beneficial impact of AA on these measures at the aggregate level, although other explanations are possible.
本研究的目的是确定与酒精相关的指标（人均消费量、酒驾逮捕率、酒精滥用治疗率和匿名戒酒会[AA]会员率）是否与各州交通死亡率（总死亡率和与酒精相关的死亡率）的差异有关。
利用1982年和1990年的州级数据以及这两年间的相对变化指标，将死亡率与酒精相关变量进行回归分析。
1982年和1990年，死亡率与人均消费量和酒驾逮捕率呈显著正相关，与AA会员率呈显著负相关。此外，人均消费量的变化与两种交通死亡指标的变化均呈显著正相关。
人均酒精消费量指标是交通死亡指标最强且最一致的决定因素。1982年和1990年AA会员率与交通死亡指标之间的负相关表明，尽管可能存在其他解释，但AA在总体水平上对这些指标有有益影响。
