Chang I, Lapham S C, Barton K J
Substance Abuse Research Program, Lovelace Institutes, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1996 Nov;57(6):659-69. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1996.57.659.
This study was designed to identify issues for public health/traffic safety in prevention of DWI and alcohol-related traffic injuries/deaths by investigating the relationships among drinking locations, sociodemographic characteristics and drinking-environment-related factors of convicted DWI offenders.
Subjects were clients (N = 5,154, 79% male) referred to the Lovelace Comprehensive Screening Program for alcohol-related assessment and were interviewed by counselors using a structured, computer-based questionnaire. Differences among ethnic/racial and gender categories were analyzed by logistic regression.
(1) Some groups showed a higher rate of DWI convictions, compared to the adult county population: young, single male: Hispanic and Mexican National; divorced/ separated/widowed (increasing with age): (2) older, educated or employed offenders reported drinking more in bars/lounges, while younger offenders were more likely drinking in private parties; (3) Hispanic and Mexican National men showed equal likelihood of drinking with friends and relatives in bars/lounges, whereas non-Hispanic white males reported drinking more with friends; and (4) Native Americans were associated with higher blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and alcohol-related problems.
(1) Young offenders' drinking and social behavior in private parties has implications for traffic safety; (2) divorced/separated offenders suggest a need for attention to underlying emotional problems; (3) strong family ties among Hispancies and Mexican Nationals may be a factor in remedial treatment; (4) Native American BAC statistics showed a need for further study; (5) multiple offenders' association with away-from-home drinking locations increased their risk of being involved in fatal crashes; and (6) server intervention programs should be emphasized to minimize intoxication of customers in commercial establishments.
本研究旨在通过调查被定罪的酒后驾车（DWI）罪犯的饮酒场所、社会人口学特征和饮酒环境相关因素之间的关系，确定预防酒后驾车及与酒精相关的交通伤害/死亡方面的公共卫生/交通安全问题。
研究对象是转介至洛夫莱斯综合筛查项目进行酒精相关评估的客户（N = 5154，79%为男性），由咨询师使用结构化的计算机问卷进行访谈。通过逻辑回归分析种族/民族和性别类别之间的差异。
（1）与成年县人口相比，一些群体的酒后驾车定罪率较高：年轻单身男性、西班牙裔和墨西哥国民、离婚/分居/丧偶者（随年龄增长）；（2）年龄较大、受过教育或有工作的罪犯报告在酒吧/酒廊饮酒较多，而年轻罪犯更可能在私人聚会上饮酒；（3）西班牙裔和墨西哥国民男性在酒吧/酒廊与朋友和亲戚一起饮酒的可能性相同，而非西班牙裔白人男性报告与朋友饮酒更多；（4）美国原住民的血液酒精浓度（BAC）较高且与酒精相关的问题较多。
（1）年轻罪犯在私人聚会上的饮酒和社交行为对交通安全有影响；（2）离婚/分居的罪犯表明需要关注潜在的情感问题；（3）西班牙裔和墨西哥国民之间牢固的家庭关系可能是补救治疗的一个因素；（4）美国原住民的BAC统计数据表明需要进一步研究；（5）多次犯罪者与离家饮酒场所的关联增加了他们卷入致命撞车事故的风险；（6）应强调服务器干预计划，以尽量减少商业场所顾客的醉酒情况。
