Ciprandi G, Vizzaccaro A, Cirillo I, Crimi P, Canonica G W
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1996 Nov;111(3):278-83.
Our previous studies have reported that the prevalence of asthma was 2.89% and of allergic rhinitis 1.54% in Ligurian conscripts for the army during 1983. Since several authors reported an increasing prevalence of these diseases in different geographic areas, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the trend of prevalence rates in a same homogeneous group of Ligurian conscripts. The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis was assessed in a group of 4310 young Ligurian men (18 years old) who had undergone medical examination for call-up to the navy during 1993, 1994 and 1995. Subjects were investigated by history, clinic visit, spirometry, metacholine bronchial challenge and skin prick test. The prevalence of asthma is 4.39% and of allergic rhinitis 2.2%. Comparing these results with previous data, a significant increase appears in this area 12 years later (respectively, p < 0.001 and p < 0.006). In addition, the association with asthma in allergic rhinitics increases from 41 to 77%, as well as an increasing trend appears for perennial allergens (i.e. mites and cat) and the polysensitizations increase from 48 to 67%. Possible explanations for these phenomena might be due to environmental factors (i.e. pollutants, viral infections, changes in domestic microenvironment).
我们之前的研究报告称，1983年利古里亚地区应征入伍的新兵中哮喘患病率为2.89%，过敏性鼻炎患病率为1.54%。由于几位作者报告称这些疾病在不同地理区域的患病率呈上升趋势，本研究的目的是评估同一组利古里亚新兵中患病率的变化趋势。对1993年、1994年和1995年期间接受海军征召体检的4310名18岁利古里亚年轻男性进行了哮喘和过敏性鼻炎患病率评估。通过病史、临床检查、肺活量测定、乙酰甲胆碱支气管激发试验和皮肤点刺试验对受试者进行调查。哮喘患病率为4.39%，过敏性鼻炎患病率为2.2%。将这些结果与之前的数据进行比较，12年后该地区出现了显著增加（分别为p<0.001和p<0.006）。此外，过敏性鼻炎患者中与哮喘的关联从41%增加到77%，常年性变应原（如螨虫和猫）的趋势也在增加，多敏化从48%增加到67%。这些现象的可能解释可能是环境因素（如污染物、病毒感染、家庭微环境变化）。
