Knudsen B B, Menné T
Department of Dermatology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Contact Dermatitis. 1996 Aug;35(2):97-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02298.x.
Sensitization to rubber is most often due to sensitization to thiurams. Positive patch test reactions to carbamates are less frequent, and usually only diagnosed in patients with positive patch test reactions to thiurams as well. The aim of the present study was to describe the relative frequency of sensitization to thiuram mix (TH mix) and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC) in a population where the exposure to these chemicals from rubber gloves was previously studied and considered to be of approximately the same order of magnitude. The thiuram derivatives seemed to be the most important sensitized (frequency 2.8%) compared to ZDC (frequency 0.5%), which has been the most frequently reported sensitizer among the carbamates in rubber gloves. An interesting observation was that the probability that the patient was reacting to ZDC was strongly associated with the strength of the patch test reaction to TH mix. This observation may add a new aspect to the discussion about cross-reactivity versus concomitant sensitization of thiurams and carbamates.
对橡胶过敏通常是由于对秋兰姆过敏。对氨基甲酸盐的斑贴试验阳性反应较少见，通常仅在对秋兰姆斑贴试验也呈阳性反应的患者中被诊断出来。本研究的目的是描述在一个先前已研究过从橡胶手套接触这些化学物质且认为其接触量大致相同的人群中，对秋兰姆混合物（TH混合物）和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锌（ZDC）过敏的相对频率。与ZDC（频率为0.5%）相比，秋兰姆衍生物似乎是最重要的致敏物（频率为2.8%），ZDC是橡胶手套中氨基甲酸盐类中最常报告的致敏剂。一个有趣的观察结果是，患者对ZDC产生反应的可能性与对TH混合物的斑贴试验反应强度密切相关。这一观察结果可能为关于秋兰姆和氨基甲酸盐的交叉反应与伴随致敏的讨论增添一个新的方面。
