Kursawe Larsen Christoffer, Johansen Jeanne D, Zachariae Claus, Svedman Cecilia, Bergendorff Ola, Mortz Charlotte G, Schwensen Jakob F B
National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Contact Dermatitis. 2025 Aug;93(2):138-147. doi: 10.1111/cod.14817. Epub 2025 May 16.
Rubber accelerators found in rubber gloves may cause contact allergy and thus allergic contact dermatitis.
To investigate which doses of tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) elicit allergic contact dermatitis by patch testing and in a repeated occluded application test simulating glove use.
A multicentre study was conducted. Eight patients with contact allergy to TETD and eight controls comprised the study group. Doses of TETD 1% (400 μg/cm), 0.33% (130 μg/cm), 0.11% (44 μg/cm), 0.037% (15 μg/cm), 0.012% (4.9 μg/cm), 0.0041% (1.6 μg/cm) and pure vehicle (petrolatum) were used for the patch test. Doses of TETD 1% (39 μg/cm), 0.33% (13 μg/cm), 0.11% (4.3 μg/cm) and pure vehicle (99:1 ethanol: water) were used for the repeated occluded application test.
Three patients (3/8) reacted to the lowest TETD dose of 0.0041% (1.6 μg/cm) in the patch test. All patients reacted to all doses of TETD in the repeated occluded application test, none to the vehicle. The patch test dose of TETD that elicited allergic contact dermatitis in 10% of the patients (ED) was estimated to be 0.75 μg/cm.
A content of 0.75 μg/cm TETD in rubber gloves may elicit allergic contact dermatitis. We suggest that future studies investigating contact allergy to rubber accelerators should base their methodology on the repeated occluded application test design presented in this study.
ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT06042309.
橡胶手套中发现的橡胶促进剂可能会引起接触性过敏，进而导致过敏性接触性皮炎。
通过斑贴试验以及模拟手套使用的重复封闭应用试验，研究何种剂量的二硫化四乙基秋兰姆（TETD）会引发过敏性接触性皮炎。
开展了一项多中心研究。研究组包括8例对TETD有接触性过敏的患者和8例对照。斑贴试验使用的TETD剂量为1%（400μg/cm）、0.33%（130μg/cm）、0.11%（44μg/cm）、0.037%（15μg/cm）、0.012%（4.9μg/cm）、0.0041%（1.6μg/cm）以及纯赋形剂（凡士林）。重复封闭应用试验使用的TETD剂量为1%（39μg/cm）、0.33%（13μg/cm）、0.11%（4.3μg/cm）以及纯赋形剂（99:1乙醇:水）。
在斑贴试验中，3例患者（3/8）对最低剂量0.0041%（1.6μg/cm）的TETD有反应。在重复封闭应用试验中，所有患者对所有剂量的TETD均有反应，对赋形剂均无反应。引发10%患者过敏性接触性皮炎的TETD斑贴试验剂量（ED）估计为0.75μg/cm。
橡胶手套中TETD含量为0.75μg/cm可能会引发过敏性接触性皮炎。我们建议，未来关于橡胶促进剂接触性过敏的研究应基于本研究中提出的重复封闭应用试验设计来开展其方法学研究。
ClinicalTrial.gov标识符：NCT06042309。
