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1
Surrogate or conventional light chains are required for membrane immunoglobulin mu to activate the precursor B cell transition.膜免疫球蛋白μ激活前B细胞转化需要替代或传统轻链。
J Exp Med. 1996 Nov 1;184(5):2025-30. doi: 10.1084/jem.184.5.2025.
2
A truncated heavy chain protein relieves the requirement for surrogate light chains in early B cell development.一种截短的重链蛋白可缓解早期B细胞发育中对替代轻链的需求。
J Immunol. 1997 Aug 1;159(3):1265-75.
3
Pre-B-cell development in the absence of lambda 5 in transgenic mice expressing a heavy-chain disease protein.在表达重链病蛋白的转基因小鼠中，缺乏λ5时前B细胞的发育
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4
A complex of glycoproteins is associated with VpreB/lambda 5 surrogate light chain on the surface of mu heavy chain-negative early precursor B cell lines.一种糖蛋白复合物与μ重链阴性早期前体B细胞系表面的VpreB/λ5替代轻链相关联。
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Crosslinking of the cell surface immunoglobulin (mu-surrogate light chains complex) on pre-B cells induces activation of V gene rearrangements at the immunoglobulin kappa locus.前B细胞表面免疫球蛋白（μ替代轻链复合物）的交联诱导免疫球蛋白κ基因座处V基因重排的激活。
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Pre-B cell receptor-mediated selection of pre-B cells synthesizing functional mu heavy chains.前B细胞受体介导的对合成功能性μ重链的前B细胞的选择。
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Mu heavy chains can associate with a pseudo-light chain complex (psi L) in human pre-B cell lines.
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Heparin alters the expression of different forms of immunoglobulin mu heavy chains and their associated proteins by pre-B cell lines and normal Ly-1 (CD5+) B cells.肝素可改变前B细胞系和正常Ly-1（CD5+）B细胞中不同形式免疫球蛋白μ重链及其相关蛋白的表达。
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Early expression of Ig mu chain from a transgene significantly reduces the duration of the pro-B stage but does not affect the small pre-B stage.转基因Ig μ链的早期表达显著缩短了前B细胞阶段的持续时间，但不影响小前B细胞阶段。
Int Immunol. 1996 Aug;8(8):1319-28. doi: 10.1093/intimm/8.8.1319.

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Loss of early B cell protein λ5 decreases bone mass and accelerates skeletal aging.早期 B 细胞蛋白 λ5 的缺失会减少骨量并加速骨骼衰老。
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Differential effect of an Ig mu transgene on development of pre-B cells in fetal and adult SCID mice.Ig μ转基因对胎儿和成年重症联合免疫缺陷（SCID）小鼠前B细胞发育的差异影响。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 12;96(21):11952-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.21.11952.
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Extended duration of DH-JH rearrangement in immunoglobulin heavy chain transgenic mice: implications for regulation of allelic exclusion.免疫球蛋白重链转基因小鼠中DH-JH重排持续时间延长：对等位排斥调控的影响
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Early function of Pax5 (BSAP) before the pre-B cell receptor stage of B lymphopoiesis.在B淋巴细胞生成的前B细胞受体阶段之前Pax5（BSAP）的早期功能。
J Exp Med. 1998 Aug 17;188(4):735-44. doi: 10.1084/jem.188.4.735.

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Clonal selection and learning in the antibody system.抗体系统中的克隆选择与学习。
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2
Aberrant B cell development and immune response in mice with a compromised BCR complex.BCR复合物受损小鼠的异常B细胞发育和免疫反应。
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Receptor tails unlock developmental checkpoints for B lymphocytes.受体尾部开启B淋巴细胞的发育检查点。
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Surrogate light chain expression is required to establish immunoglobulin heavy chain allelic exclusion during early B cell development.在早期B细胞发育过程中，需要替代轻链表达来建立免疫球蛋白重链等位基因排斥。
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Regulation of an early developmental checkpoint in the B cell pathway by Ig beta.免疫球蛋白β对B细胞途径中早期发育检查点的调控。
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Pre-B-cell development in the absence of lambda 5 in transgenic mice expressing a heavy-chain disease protein.在表达重链病蛋白的转基因小鼠中，缺乏λ5时前B细胞的发育
Curr Biol. 1995 Oct 1;5(10):1140-8. doi: 10.1016/s0960-9822(95)00230-2.
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RAG-2-deficient blastocyst complementation: an assay of gene function in lymphocyte development.RAG-2缺陷型囊胚互补：淋巴细胞发育中基因功能的一种检测方法。
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Signaling-defective mutants of the B lymphocyte antigen receptor fail to associate with Ig-alpha and Ig-beta/gamma.B淋巴细胞抗原受体的信号缺陷型突变体无法与Ig-α和Ig-β/γ结合。
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Two pathways of B-lymphocyte development in mouse bone marrow and the roles of surrogate L chain in this development.小鼠骨髓中B淋巴细胞发育的两条途径以及替代轻链在该发育过程中的作用。
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膜免疫球蛋白μ激活前B细胞转化需要替代或传统轻链。

Surrogate or conventional light chains are required for membrane immunoglobulin mu to activate the precursor B cell transition.

作者信息

Papavasiliou F, Jankovic M, Nussenzweig M C

机构信息

Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York 10021, USA.

出版信息

J Exp Med. 1996 Nov 1;184(5):2025-30. doi: 10.1084/jem.184.5.2025.

DOI:10.1084/jem.184.5.2025
PMID:8920890
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2192894/
Abstract

To examine the role of light chains in early B cell development we combined RAG-1 and lambda 5 mutations to produce mice that expressed neither conventional nor surrogate light chains (RAG-1-/-, lambda 5-/-). Unique heavy and light chain genes were then introduced into the double and single mutant backgrounds. Membrane immunoglobulin (Ig)mu (mIg mu) associated with Ig alpha-Ig beta but was unable to activate the pre-B cell transition in RAG-1-/-lambda 5-/- mice. Either lambda 5 or kappa light chains were sufficient to complement this deficiency. Therefore light chains are absolutely required for a functional Ig signaling module in early B cell development. Our data provide direct evidence for the existence of two pathways for induction of early B cell development: one which is activated through surrogate light chains and mIg mu, and an alternative pathway which uses conventional light chains and mIg mu.

摘要

为了研究轻链在早期B细胞发育中的作用，我们将RAG-1和λ5突变相结合，以产生既不表达传统轻链也不表达替代轻链的小鼠（RAG-1-/-，λ5-/-）。然后将独特的重链和轻链基因导入双突变和单突变背景中。膜免疫球蛋白（Ig）μ（mIgμ）与Igα-Igβ相关，但无法激活RAG-1-/-λ5-/-小鼠中的前B细胞转变。λ5或κ轻链中的任何一种都足以弥补这一缺陷。因此，轻链是早期B细胞发育中功能性Ig信号模块所绝对必需的。我们的数据为早期B细胞发育诱导的两条途径的存在提供了直接证据：一条通过替代轻链和mIgμ激活，另一条替代途径使用传统轻链和mIgμ。