Ferraroni M, Decarli A, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C, Enard L, Negri E, Parpinel M, Salvini S
Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi, Milano, Italy.
Int J Epidemiol. 1996 Aug;25(4):775-82. doi: 10.1093/ije/25.4.775.
The reproducibility and validity of alcohol consumption has not been adequately studied, particularly in mediterranean countries, where alcohol drinking is a widespread habit, especially during meals.
We compared alcohol consumption measured by two interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) with average intake derived from two 7-day dietary (7-DD) records (the reference method) on 395 volunteers. Different types of alcoholic beverages were considered separately in order to verify the ability of the questionnaire to assess detailed patterns of alcohol intake.
A satisfactory level of reproducibility and validity of the pattern of alcohol consumption across different levels and types of alcoholic beverage intake was observed. The reproducibility of wine and total alcohol intake showed correlation coefficients > 0.75 in both sexes. The validity was somewhat higher for wine (around 0.70) than for other alcoholic beverages and total alcohol intake. This is probably accounted for by the more regular pattern of wine consumption during the year as compared to other alcoholic beverages (beer, grappa, etc) which are more strongly influenced by seasonal and daily variations. However, about 30% of abstainers according to FFQ were drinkers by the reference method. The opposite was observed in only 4% of subjects.
The FFQ is a reliable and valid instrument for collecting alcohol intake in regular drinkers. Lower validity in irregular drinkers may be due to seasonal variation and/or inadequacy of the FFQ to capture irregular patterns of consumption and/or inadequacy of the average of two 7-DD as a reference method. Furthermore, a considerable degree of misclassification was observed between non-drinkers and moderate drinkers.
酒精摄入量的可重复性和有效性尚未得到充分研究，尤其是在地中海国家，饮酒是一种普遍的习惯，特别是在进餐时。
我们将由两名访员管理的食物频率问卷（FFQ）所测量的酒精摄入量与395名志愿者通过两份7天饮食记录（7-DD）得出的平均摄入量（参考方法）进行了比较。为了验证问卷评估酒精摄入详细模式的能力，分别考虑了不同类型的酒精饮料。
观察到在不同水平和类型的酒精饮料摄入量中，酒精消费模式具有令人满意的可重复性和有效性。葡萄酒和总酒精摄入量的可重复性在两性中均显示相关系数>0.75。葡萄酒的有效性（约为0.70）略高于其他酒精饮料和总酒精摄入量。这可能是由于与其他酒精饮料（啤酒、格拉巴酒等）相比，葡萄酒在一年中的消费模式更为规律，而其他酒精饮料受季节和每日变化的影响更大。然而，根据FFQ被认定为戒酒者的人中，约30%按照参考方法属于饮酒者。只有4%的受试者出现相反情况。
FFQ是收集经常饮酒者酒精摄入量的可靠且有效的工具。不规律饮酒者的有效性较低可能是由于季节变化和/或FFQ不足以捕捉不规律的消费模式和/或两份7-DD平均值作为参考方法的不足。此外，在非饮酒者和适度饮酒者之间观察到相当程度的错误分类。
