Bowers J S
Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 Nov;22(6):1336-53. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.6.1336.
A perceptual-identification task was used to assess priming for words and pseudowords that in their upper- and lowercase formats share either few (high-shift items) or many (low-shift items) visual features. Equivalent priming was obtained for high-shift words repeated in the same case and in a different case, and this priming was greatly reduced when there was a study-test modality shift. Accordingly, the cross-case priming was mediated in large part by modality-specific perceptual codes. By contrast, priming for high-shift pseudowords was greatly reduced following the case manipulation, as was so for high-shift words when they were randomly intermixed with pseudowords. Low-shift items were not affected by the case manipulation. On the basis of the overall pattern of results, the author argues that different mechanisms mediate priming for words and pseudowords and that J. Morton (1979) was essentially correct in his characterization of word priming.
一项知觉识别任务被用于评估对单词和伪词的启动效应，这些单词和伪词的大写和小写形式要么共享很少的视觉特征（高变化项目），要么共享很多视觉特征（低变化项目）。对于在相同大小写和不同大小写中重复的高变化单词，获得了等效的启动效应，并且当存在学习 - 测试模态转换时，这种启动效应会大大降低。因此，跨大小写的启动效应在很大程度上是由特定模态的知觉编码介导的。相比之下，大小写操作后，高变化伪词的启动效应大大降低，当高变化单词与伪词随机混合时也是如此。低变化项目不受大小写操作的影响。基于结果的整体模式，作者认为不同的机制介导了对单词和伪词的启动效应，并且J. 莫顿（1979）对单词启动效应的描述基本上是正确的。
