Saadeh R, Akré J
Birth. 1996 Sep;23(3):154-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.1996.tb00476.x.
Ample evidence is available on the impact of health care practices and hospital routines and procedures on breastfeeding. Good practices enhance successful initiation and establishment of breastfeeding and contribute to increased duration, just as inappropriate practices, and failure to support and encourage mothers, have the opposite effect. In 1991 the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) jointly launched the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, which aims to give every baby the best start in life by ensuring a health care environment where breastfeeding is the norm. The initiative is based on the principles summarized in a joint statement issued by the two organizations in 1989 on the role of maternity services in protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding. To become truly baby-friendly, hospitals and maternity wards around the world are giving practical effect to the principles described in the joint WHO/UNICEF statement that have been synthesized into Ten Steps To Successful Breastfeeding. This summary of the rationale and scientific basis for the Ten Steps is presented in the light of cumulative experience demonstrating the crucial importance of these principles for the successful initiation and establishment of breastfeeding.
关于医疗保健实践以及医院常规和程序对母乳喂养的影响，已有充分证据。良好的做法有助于成功启动并建立母乳喂养，并能延长母乳喂养时间，而不当做法以及未能支持和鼓励母亲，则会产生相反的效果。1991年，世界卫生组织（WHO）和联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）联合发起了“爱婴医院倡议”，旨在通过确保母乳喂养成为常态的医疗保健环境，让每个婴儿都能拥有人生最好的开端。该倡议基于这两个组织1989年发表的一份联合声明中总结的原则，这份声明阐述了产科服务在保护、促进和支持母乳喂养方面的作用。为了真正成为爱婴医院，世界各地的医院和产科病房正在切实落实世界卫生组织/联合国儿童基金会联合声明中所描述的原则，这些原则已被综合成“成功母乳喂养十步骤”。鉴于累积的经验表明这些原则对成功启动和建立母乳喂养至关重要, 在此呈现“十步骤”背后的基本原理和科学依据概述。
