Meroni L, Trabattoni D, Balotta C, Riva C, Gori A, Moroni M, Luisa Villa M, Clerici M, Galli M
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
AIDS. 1996 Jan;10(1):23-30. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199601000-00004.
To analyse changes in cytokine production in vitro and T-lymphocyte immunophenotype in the early phases of HIV-1 infection.
Mitogen-stimulated in vitro production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2 (type 1 cytokines), IL-4, and IL-10 (type 2 cytokines) and surface expression of activation and non-activation markers were evaluated in 11 individuals HIV-infected for > 3 but < 12 months (seroconverters). The data were compared to those obtained in 33 asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals infected > 3 years previously and who were stratified according to CD4+ lymphocyte count (group 1: > 500 x 10(6)/l, group 2: < 500 x 10(6)/l CD4 cells) and in 12 HIV-seronegative healthy controls.
We observed that the early phase of HIV infection is characterized by (1) reduced mitogen-stimulated IL-2 and IFN-gamma production, (2) increased mitogen-stimulated IL-4 and IL-10 production, (3) a relative decrease in CD4+ and CD4+CD7- as well as an increase in CD4+CD7-CD57+ lymphocytes, and (4) a relative increase in CD8+, CD8+CD38+ and CD8+CD57+ T lymphocytes. In addition, during a 6-month follow-up of six seroconverters we observed a dynamic pattern of changes of these parameters in most individuals, with a resulting profile similar to that observed in group 1 HIV-positive patients.
The early phase of HIV infection is immunologically characterized by type 2 cytokine secretion and alterations in the expression of phenotypic markers, and closely resembles the more advanced phases of HIV infection. These immunologic alterations are temporally limited by the successive return to a more normal profile. Thus, HIV infection is an immunological complex dynamic process even in its earliest phases.
分析HIV-1感染早期体外细胞因子产生及T淋巴细胞免疫表型的变化。
对11名感染HIV超过3个月但不足12个月的个体（血清转化者），评估丝裂原刺激后干扰素（IFN）-γ、白细胞介素（IL）-2（1型细胞因子）、IL-4和IL-10（2型细胞因子）的体外产生情况，以及活化和非活化标志物的表面表达。将这些数据与33名3年多前感染且无症状的HIV阳性个体（根据CD4 +淋巴细胞计数分层：第1组：> 500×10⁶ /升，第2组：< 500×10⁶ /升CD4细胞）和12名HIV血清阴性健康对照者的数据进行比较。
我们观察到，HIV感染早期的特征为：（1）丝裂原刺激后IL-2和IFN-γ产生减少；（2）丝裂原刺激后IL-4和IL-10产生增加；（3）CD4 +和CD4 + CD7 -淋巴细胞相对减少，CD4 + CD7 - CD57 +淋巴细胞增加；（4）CD8 +、CD8 + CD38 +和CD8 + CD57 + T淋巴细胞相对增加。此外，在对6名血清转化者进行的6个月随访中，我们观察到大多数个体这些参数的动态变化模式，最终结果与第1组HIV阳性患者相似。
HIV感染早期在免疫学上的特征是2型细胞因子分泌及表型标志物表达改变，且与HIV感染更晚期阶段极为相似。这些免疫改变在时间上受到随后恢复到更正常状态的限制。因此，即使在HIV感染的最早阶段，它也是一个免疫复杂的动态过程。
