Reiter P
CDC, National center for infectious diseases, San Juan Laboratories, Puerto-Rico 00921-3200.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1996;89(2):120-2.
It is generally accepted that female Aedes aegypti do not fly more than 50-100 m in their entire lifetime, yet the rapidity with which this species colonizes new areas, and the explosive nature of dengue and yellow fever epidemics appear to contradict this. Using molecular methods, we have confirmed that the Ae. aegypti females lay small numbers of eggs at many sites. The distribution of available sites implies that the female may fly a considerable distance to deposit her whole egg batch. We developed a method of monitor dispersal during oviposition by labelling the eggs of the mosquito with rubidium, a relatively rare, non-radioactive element. Eggs laid by females fed in the laboratory on blood containing rubidium were collected in the field with ovitraps and assayed by atomic emission spectroscopy. Our study revealed rapid dispersal over our entire study area, more than 800 m in diameter. We conclude that dispersal may be driven by the availability of oviposition sites. Marked eggs were collected for up to 7 days after feeding, suggesting that the gonotrophic cycle in the field is longer than generally assumed. This implies that calculations of longevity based on ovarian dissection and estimates of the duration of the gonotrophic cycle may need to be revised. Novel studies on sugar feeding and blood feeding are also mentioned.
一般认为，雌性埃及伊蚊一生飞行距离不超过50 - 100米，但该物种在新区域迅速定殖以及登革热和黄热病疫情的爆发性质似乎与此相矛盾。通过分子方法，我们已证实埃及伊蚊雌蚊在许多地点产下少量卵。可用产卵地点的分布意味着雌蚊可能飞行相当远的距离来产下整批卵。我们开发了一种在产卵期间监测扩散的方法，即通过用铷（一种相对稀有的非放射性元素）标记蚊子的卵。在实验室以含铷血液为食的雌蚊所产的卵，用诱卵器在野外收集，并通过原子发射光谱法进行检测。我们的研究揭示了在整个研究区域内的快速扩散，直径超过800米。我们得出结论，扩散可能是由产卵地点的可用性驱动的。在喂食后长达7天收集到了有标记的卵，这表明野外的生殖营养周期比通常认为的要长。这意味着基于卵巢解剖的寿命计算以及生殖营养周期持续时间的估计可能需要修订。还提到了关于吸食糖类和吸食血液的新研究。
