Fusch C, Gfrörer W, Koch C, Thomas A, Grünert A, Moeller H
Division of Neonatology, University Women's Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Apr;80(4):1118-25. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.80.4.1118.
Thirteen healthy subjects (11 men and 2 women; 30.2 +/- 5.4 yr; 73.5 +/- 10.3 kg; 178.9 +/- 10.4 cm; body mass index, 22.9 +/- 1.6 kg/m2) participated at the 62-day expedition to the Broad Peak (8,047 m), Pakistan. Weight, body water, and water turnover (deuterium dilution and elimination) were measured eight times to assess long-term changes. Body weight fell during the ascent to the base camp [from 73.2 +/- 9.8 (baseline) to 71.7 +/- 9.7 kg; P < 0.05] and decreased until the end of the base camp stay (66.7 +/- 7.2 kg; P < 0.0001). Body compartments changed at different rates. Total body water decreased during the ascent (from 43.1 +/- 7.3 to 41.0 +/- 7.7 liters; P < 0.05) and remained unchanged until the base camp was reached (41.2 +/- 6.9 liters; P < 0.01) but decreased further during the base camp stay (40.6 +/- 5.2 liters). Water content of the body (total body water-to-body weight ratio) fell during the ascent (from 58.6 +/- 3.4 to 55.8 +/- 4.4%; P < 0.01), approached the baseline value during the base camp (57.4 +/- 4.0 and 58.3 +/- 5.1%), and increased again until the end of the base camp (60.6 +/- 3.4 and 60.9 +/- 4.3%). The compartment of the solids increased during the ascent (from 30.2 +/- 3.4 to 32.2 +/- 4.9 kg; P < 0.01) and approached the baseline value on arrival at the base camp (30.5 +/- 4.7 kg). Until the end of the base camp, the compartment of the solids fell (26.9 +/- 2.6 and 26.1 +/- 4.0 kg), indicating that weight loss was due to a loss of body solids, presumably mostly fat mass. Water turnover during the pretest period (sea level) was 45 +/- 7 ml.kg-1.day-1; it increased during the ascent (56 +/- 11 and 60 +/- 10 ml.kg-1.day-1) but remained constant during the base camp stay (63 +/- 12, 58 +/- 9, and 56 +/- 10 ml.kg-1.day-1). It increased during the ascent to Broad Peak (73 +/- 20 ml.kg-1.day-1; P < 0.05) and even more during the descent to civilization (83 +/- 17 ml.kg-1.day-1; P < 0.05).
13名健康受试者（11名男性和2名女性；年龄30.2±5.4岁；体重73.5±10.3千克；身高178.9±10.4厘米；体重指数22.9±1.6千克/平方米）参加了为期62天的巴基斯坦布罗德峰（海拔8047米）探险。测量了体重、身体水分和水周转率（氘稀释和消除）8次，以评估长期变化。在攀登至大本营期间体重下降[从73.2±9.8（基线）降至71.7±9.7千克；P<0.05]，并在大本营停留结束前持续下降（66.7±7.2千克；P<0.0001）。身体各部分以不同速率变化。总体水在攀登过程中减少（从43.1±7.3升至41.0±7.7升；P<0.05），在到达大本营之前保持不变（41.2±6.9升；P<0.01），但在大本营停留期间进一步减少（40.6±5.2升）。身体水分含量（总体水与体重之比）在攀登过程中下降（从58.6±3.4降至55.8±4.4%；P<0.01），在大本营期间接近基线值（57.4±4.0和58.3±5.1%），并在大本营停留结束前再次上升（60.6±3.4和60.9±4.3%）。固体部分在攀登过程中增加（从30.2±3.4升至32.2±4.9千克；P<0.01），在到达大本营时接近基线值（30.5±4.7千克）。直到大本营停留结束，固体部分下降（26.9±2.6和26.1±4.0千克），表明体重减轻是由于身体固体物质流失，可能主要是脂肪量减少。测试前期（海平面）的水周转率为45±7毫升·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹；在攀登过程中增加（56±11和60±10毫升·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹），但在大本营停留期间保持不变（63±12、58±9和56±10毫升·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹）。在攀登至布罗德峰过程中增加（73±20毫升·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹；P<0.05），在下山返回文明地区时增加得更多（83±17毫升·千克⁻¹·天⁻¹；P<0.05）。
