中国矿山和陶瓷厂历史上的总二氧化硅粉尘和可吸入二氧化硅粉尘暴露水平。

Historical total and respirable silica dust exposure levels in mines and pottery factories in China.

作者信息

Dosemeci M, McLaughlin J K, Chen J Q, Hearl F, Chen R G, McCawley M, Wu Z, Peng K L, Chen A L, Rexing S H

机构信息

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

出版信息

Scand J Work Environ Health. 1995;21 Suppl 2:39-43.

PMID:8929687

Abstract

Historical exposure estimates of total dust and respirable silica were made in a recent nested case-referent study of lung cancer among mine and pottery workers in China. Exposure to total dust and respirable silica was assessed in 20 mines and 9 pottery factories. The average total dust concentration was 7.26 mg center dot m-3, with a range from 17.68 mg center dot m-3 in the 1950s to 3.85 mg center dot m-3 in the 1980s, while the average respirable silica dust was 1.22 mg center dot m-3, with a range from 3.89 mg center dot m-3 in the 1950s to 0.43 mg center dot m-3 in the 1980s. The highest respirable silica dust occurred in the underground mining operations (1.43 mg center dot m-3), particularly for manual drillers (9.03 mg center dot m-3). Among all facility types, tungsten mines had the highest respirable silica dust exposure (1.75 mg center dot m-3), while the lowest exposure occurred in copper-iron mines (0.32 mg center dot m-3).

摘要

在最近一项针对中国矿工和陶工肺癌的巢式病例对照研究中，对总粉尘和可吸入二氧化硅的历史暴露水平进行了评估。在20个矿山和9个陶瓷厂对总粉尘和可吸入二氧化硅的暴露情况进行了评估。总粉尘平均浓度为7.26毫克·立方米，范围从20世纪50年代的17.68毫克·立方米到80年代的3.85毫克·立方米，而可吸入二氧化硅粉尘平均为1.22毫克·立方米，范围从20世纪50年代的3.89毫克·立方米到80年代的0.43毫克·立方米。可吸入二氧化硅粉尘含量最高的是地下采矿作业（1.43毫克·立方米），尤其是手工钻孔工人（9.03毫克·立方米）。在所有设施类型中，钨矿的可吸入二氧化硅粉尘暴露量最高（1.75毫克·立方米），而铜铁矿的暴露量最低（0.32毫克·立方米）。