Sprengelmeyer R, Young A W, Calder A J, Karnat A, Lange H, Hömberg V, Perrett D I, Rowland D
MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England.
Brain. 1996 Oct;119 ( Pt 5):1647-65. doi: 10.1093/brain/119.5.1647.
Face perception and emotion recognition were investigated in a group of people with Huntington's disease and matched controls. In conventional tasks intended to explore the perception of age, sex, unfamiliar face identity (Benton test) and gaze direction from the face, the Huntington's disease group showed a borderline impairment of gaze direction perception and were significantly impaired on unfamiliar face matching. With a separate set of tasks using computerinterpolated ('morphed') facial images, people with Huntington's disease were markedly impaired at discriminating anger from fear, but experienced less difficulty with continua varying from male to female, between familiar identities, and from happiness to sadness. In a further test of recognition of facial expressions of basic emotions from the Ekman and Friesen (1976) series, interpolated images were created for six continua that lay around the perimeter of an emotion hexagon (happiness-surprise; surprise-fear; fear-sadness; sadness-disgust; disgust-anger; anger-happiness). In deciding which emotion these morphed images were most like, people with Huntington's disease again showed deficits in the recognition of anger and fear, and an especially severe problem with disgust, which was recognized only at chance level. A follow-up study with tests of facially and vocally expressed emotions confirmed that the recognition of disgust was markedly poor for the Huntington's disease group, still being no better than chance level. Questionnaires were also used to examine self-assessed emotion, but did not show such striking problems. Taken together, these data reveal severe impairments of emotion recognition in Huntington's disease, and show that the recognition of some emotions is more impaired than others. The possibility that certain basic emotions may have dedicated neural substrates needs to be seriously considered: among these, disgust is a prime candidate.
对一组患有亨廷顿舞蹈症的患者及相匹配的对照组进行了面部感知和情绪识别研究。在旨在探究年龄、性别、陌生面孔识别（本顿测试）以及面部注视方向感知的传统任务中，亨廷顿舞蹈症组在注视方向感知方面存在临界损伤，且在陌生面孔匹配任务上表现出显著损伤。在另一组使用计算机插值（“变形”）面部图像的任务中，患有亨廷顿舞蹈症的人在区分愤怒和恐惧方面明显受损，但在从男性到女性、熟悉面孔之间以及从快乐到悲伤的连续变化任务中遇到的困难较小。在对埃克曼和弗里森（1976年）系列基本情绪面部表情识别的进一步测试中，为围绕情绪六边形周边的六个连续体创建了插值图像（快乐 - 惊讶；惊讶 - 恐惧；恐惧 - 悲伤；悲伤 - 厌恶；厌恶 - 愤怒；愤怒 - 快乐）。在判断这些变形图像最像哪种情绪时，患有亨廷顿舞蹈症的人再次在愤怒和恐惧识别方面表现出缺陷，尤其是在厌恶识别上存在严重问题，其识别准确率仅为随机水平。一项关于面部和声音表达情绪识别测试的后续研究证实，亨廷顿舞蹈症组对厌恶的识别明显较差，仍不比随机水平好。还使用问卷来检查自我评估情绪，但未显示出如此明显的问题。综合来看，这些数据揭示了亨廷顿舞蹈症患者在情绪识别方面存在严重损伤，并表明某些情绪的识别比其他情绪受损更严重。需要认真考虑某些基本情绪可能具有专门神经基质的可能性：其中，厌恶是主要候选对象。
