Marr C M, Reef V B
Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania 19348, USA.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 1995 Sep(19):56-62. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04990.x.
Colour flow Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed on 15 horses; 10 Thoroughbreds and 5 Standardbreds; 9 mares, 5 geldings and 1 stallion; mean +/- s.d. 3.4 +/- 1.1 years. Cardiac murmurs were audible in 12 horses (80%), but these had characteristics consistent with functional murmurs in all horses. A standardised two-dimensional (2-D) and M-mode echocardiographic examination was unremarkable in all horses except that aortic valve prolapse was identified in 3 horses, tricuspid valve prolapse in 2 horses and mitral valve prolapse was present in one horse. Colour flow Doppler echocardiography revealed laminar antegrade flow in most sites but variance was noted in the right ventricular outflow tract in some horses. Small regurgitant jets associated with the aortic valve were seen in 12 horses (80%), with the tricuspid valve in 7 horses (46%), with the pulmonary valve in 4 horses (26%) and the mitral valve in 4 horses (26%). It was concluded that with colour flow Doppler echocardiography, as in other species, small regurgitant jets could be detected in many normal horses.
对15匹马进行了彩色多普勒超声心动图检查；其中10匹纯种马和5匹标准赛马；9匹母马、5匹阉马和1匹种马；平均年龄±标准差为3.4±1.1岁。12匹马（80%）可闻及心脏杂音，但所有马匹的杂音特征均与功能性杂音一致。除3匹马发现主动脉瓣脱垂、2匹马发现三尖瓣脱垂、1匹马发现二尖瓣脱垂外，所有马匹的标准化二维（2-D）和M型超声心动图检查均无异常。彩色多普勒超声心动图显示大多数部位为层流正向血流，但部分马匹的右心室流出道存在血流变化。12匹马（80%）可见与主动脉瓣相关的小反流束，7匹马（46%）可见与三尖瓣相关的小反流束，4匹马（26%）可见与肺动脉瓣相关的小反流束，4匹马（26%）可见与二尖瓣相关的小反流束。得出的结论是，与其他物种一样，彩色多普勒超声心动图可在许多正常马匹中检测到小反流束。
