Allen S S, Hatsukami D, Christianson D, Nelson D
University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, USA.
J Subst Abuse. 1996;8(3):303-19. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(96)90170-4.
This study extends our understanding of smoking behavior, withdrawal, and premenstrual symptomatology in smoking women, as well as energy intake as a function of cycle phase. Thirty-two women age 18 to 40 years, smoking ad lib, were followed for an average of two menstrual cycles with hormonal verification. Withdrawal and premenstrual symptomatology as well as energy intake were reported during the follicular (F), luteal (L), and late luteal (LL) cycle phases. Both premenstrual symptomatology and withdrawal symptomatology were higher during the LL phase. Subject response on measurements of craving, irritability, restlessness, increased appetite, and depressed mood tended to be higher in the LL phase. Energy intake did not vary as a function of cycle phase. Participants perceived that they smoked more and had increased appetite in the LL phase but related measurements did not confirm this. Premenstrual and withdrawal symptoms are highly correlated and one needs to be cautious in interpreting cycle effects on withdrawal. Overall symptomatology seems to be lower during the F phase, indicating that this may be a more opportune time for women to quit smoking.
本研究拓展了我们对吸烟女性的吸烟行为、戒烟反应及经前症状的理解，以及能量摄入与月经周期阶段的关系。32名年龄在18至40岁之间、随意吸烟的女性接受了平均两个月经周期的跟踪，并进行了激素验证。在卵泡期（F）、黄体期（L）和黄体后期（LL）的月经周期阶段，记录了戒烟反应、经前症状以及能量摄入情况。经前症状和戒烟反应在黄体后期均更为严重。在黄体后期，受试者在对渴望、易怒、烦躁不安、食欲增加和情绪低落的测量中的反应往往更高。能量摄入并未随月经周期阶段而变化。参与者感觉自己在黄体后期吸烟更多且食欲增加，但相关测量结果并未证实这一点。经前症状和戒烟反应高度相关，在解释月经周期对戒烟反应的影响时需谨慎。总体症状在卵泡期似乎较低，这表明这可能是女性戒烟的更合适时机。
