Watson J E, Kirby R S, Kelleher K J, Bradley R H
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 1996 Jun;21(3):419-31. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/21.3.419.
Investigated the relationship between poverty and parenting in a sample of low birth weight (< or = 2,500 grams) premature (LBWPT) infants (gestation < or = 37 weeks) who were control subjects in the Infant Health and Development Program. When classified using federal poverty levels, poor families scored lower on the HOME inventory (used to measure the caregiving environment) than nonpoor families. A regression model including poverty, race, site, and representative environmental, maternal, and child variables accounted for 60% of variance in total HOME scores. Poverty and maternal IQ had significant and independent effects on HOME scores, whereas maternal distress accounted for little of the variance. In a LBWPT sample, our results find a strong relationship between parenting and poverty, suggest a modest role for maternal psychological distress in this relationship, and indicate that the influence of poverty likely extends beyond commonly measured environmental, maternal, and child factors.
在低出生体重（≤2500克）早产（LBWPT）婴儿（孕周≤37周）样本中研究贫困与养育方式之间的关系，这些婴儿是婴儿健康与发展项目中的对照对象。当按照联邦贫困水平进行分类时，贫困家庭在家庭环境观察量表（用于衡量养育环境）上的得分低于非贫困家庭。一个包含贫困、种族、地点以及具有代表性的环境、母亲和儿童变量的回归模型解释了家庭环境观察量表总分中60%的方差。贫困和母亲智商对家庭环境观察量表得分有显著且独立的影响，而母亲的心理困扰对方差的解释作用很小。在一个低出生体重早产样本中，我们的研究结果发现养育方式与贫困之间存在紧密关系，表明母亲心理困扰在这种关系中作用不大，并指出贫困的影响可能超出了通常所衡量的环境、母亲和儿童因素。
