El-Kebbi I M, Bacha G A, Ziemer D C, Musey V C, Gallina D L, Dunbar V, Phillips L S
Diabetes Educ. 1996 Sep-Oct;22(5):488-92. doi: 10.1177/014572179602200508.
Dietary therapy remains an integral part of diabetes management. The study objective was to identify potential barriers to dietary adherence among low-income, urban black patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Forty-five patients participated in discussion group interviews that consisted of open-ended questions. Four problem areas were identified: habitual, economic, social, and conceptual. Most patients felt that the recommended meal plans were lacking in taste, and the cost of low-fat and sugar-free items was perceived as a major drawback. Lack of family support and family pressure to use fat-containing food seasoning were frequent problems. Participants had trouble following the food exchange system and analyzing food labels. Feedback suggested that dietary strategies may need to be revised to provide appropriate menus, identify low-cost foods, involve patients' families, and teach patients how to make healthy food choices. The discussion group approach was quick, simple, and could be easily translated to other settings.
饮食疗法仍然是糖尿病管理不可或缺的一部分。该研究的目的是确定低收入城市黑人非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者在饮食依从性方面的潜在障碍。45名患者参加了由开放式问题组成的讨论小组访谈。确定了四个问题领域：习惯、经济、社会和观念。大多数患者认为推荐的饮食计划缺乏味道，低脂和无糖食品的成本被视为一个主要缺点。缺乏家庭支持以及家庭使用含脂肪食品调味料的压力是常见问题。参与者在遵循食物交换系统和分析食品标签方面存在困难。反馈表明，可能需要修订饮食策略，以提供合适的菜单、识别低成本食品、让患者家属参与进来，并教导患者如何做出健康的食物选择。讨论小组方法快速、简单，并且可以很容易地应用于其他环境。
