Last C G, Perrin S, Hersen M, Kazdin A E
Center for Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Nov;35(11):1502-10. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199611000-00019.
To evaluate course and outcome of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders prospectively in clinically referred children.
Children were blindly and repeatedly assessed with a structured diagnostic interview over a 3- to 4-year period to determine recovery from anxiety disorder and development of new psychiatric disorders. Both psychopathological (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, n = 50) and never psychiatrically ill (NPI, n = 83) controls served as comparison groups for children with anxiety disorders (n = 84).
The majority of children (82%) were free from their intake anxiety disorders by the end of the follow-up. Relapse of these anxiety disorders after remission was rare (8%). During follow-up, anxious children were more likely to develop new psychiatric disorders (30%), primarily new anxiety disorders (16%), than were NPI children (11% and 2%, respectively), but not psychopathological controls (42% and 10%, respectively).
Overall, results suggest a favorable outcome with respect to diagnostic status for clinically referred children with anxiety disorders. However, these children may be at risk for new psychiatric disorders over time.
前瞻性评估临床转诊儿童中 DSM-III-R 焦虑症的病程及转归。
在3至4年的时间里，通过结构化诊断访谈对儿童进行盲法重复评估，以确定焦虑症的康复情况及新精神障碍的发生情况。患有精神病理学问题（注意力缺陷多动障碍，n = 50）和从未患过精神疾病（NPI，n = 83）的儿童作为焦虑症儿童（n = 84）的对照组。
到随访结束时，大多数儿童（82%）已摆脱初诊时的焦虑症。这些焦虑症缓解后复发的情况很少见（8%）。在随访期间，与NPI儿童（分别为11%和2%）相比，焦虑症儿童更有可能出现新的精神障碍（30%），主要是新的焦虑症（16%），但与患有精神病理学问题的对照组儿童（分别为42%和10%）相比则不然。
总体而言，结果表明临床转诊的焦虑症儿童在诊断状况方面预后良好。然而，随着时间推移，这些儿童可能有患新精神障碍的风险。
