Walker R, Emslie K A, Allan E J
Department of Agriculture, University of Aberdeen, UK.
J Appl Bacteriol. 1996 Nov;81(5):531-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb03543.x.
Antagonism against the grey mould pathogen Botrytis cinerea by Pseudomonas antimicrobica was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Cell-free filtrates showed activity against B. cinerea growing on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) in a media-dependent manner with the most distinct antagonism being produced in Czapek Dox Broth (CDB). Cell-free filtrates of CDB-grown cultures also significantly reduced conidial germination of B. cinerea. An assay based on the inhibition of conidial germination was compared with two assays measuring the antagonism of mycelial growth on PDA. The conidial germination bioassay was more sensitive in the detection of this antifungal activity than the Petri dish bioassay while a bioassay using Microdetection plates did not detect antagonism due to the small loading capacity of the latter. The conidial germination bioassay was modified for detection of antibiosis on the surface of strawberry leaves. Significant reductions in percentage conidial germination were recorded on the surface of leaves of both micropropagated and glasshouse grown strawberry plants when the antifungal compounds of Ps. antimicrobica were applied to the leaf tissue with the conidia. In addition, antifungal compounds were also detectable when conidia were applied to leaf tissue which had previously been sprayed with cells of Ps. antimicrobica. These tests indicate that Ps. antimicrobica would be a suitable biocontrol agent for the control of B. cinerea.
抗微生物假单胞菌对灰霉病菌灰葡萄孢的拮抗作用在体外和体内均得到证实。无细胞滤液对在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）上生长的灰葡萄孢具有活性，其活性呈培养基依赖性，在察氏培养基（CDB）中产生的拮抗作用最为明显。在CDB中培养的无细胞滤液也显著降低了灰葡萄孢的分生孢子萌发率。将基于分生孢子萌发抑制的测定方法与另外两种测定PDA上菌丝体生长拮抗作用的方法进行了比较。分生孢子萌发生物测定法在检测这种抗真菌活性方面比培养皿生物测定法更灵敏，而使用微量检测板的生物测定法由于其载量小未检测到拮抗作用。对分生孢子萌发生物测定法进行了改进，用于检测草莓叶片表面的抗菌作用。当将抗微生物假单胞菌的抗真菌化合物与分生孢子一起施用于叶片组织时，在微繁殖和温室种植的草莓植株叶片表面均记录到分生孢子萌发率显著降低。此外，当将分生孢子施用于先前已喷洒抗微生物假单胞菌细胞的叶片组织时，也可检测到抗真菌化合物。这些试验表明，抗微生物假单胞菌将是控制灰葡萄孢的合适生物防治剂。
