Kubota T
Shizuoka Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1996 Sep;43(9):844-53.
The mean MPN viable cell counts in 15 samples of sea water in which clams were held at the time of the onset of mass outbreaks of food poisoning, the number of food poisoning outbreaks, and prevalence of Kanagawa phenomenon-positive strains, and effectiveness of measures to control food poisoning were investigated over 6 years from 1990 to 1995. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Of 6 materials, including sea water and shellfish, which were examined to determine the best marker material for prediction of Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning, sea water in which clams were held was found to be the most appropriate. 2. Except for the outbreaks in 1994, all Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning occurred after the mean MPN viable cell count in 15 samples of sea water in which clams are kept reached 10(5) cells/100 ml. 3. The number of outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning could be predicted based on the time at which the mean MPN viable cell count reached 10(5) cells/100 ml. 4. In 1995, sea water in which clams were held was cultured and examined for thermostable direct hemolysin gene by PCR method. Thermostable direct hemolysin gene was detected in 3 of 82 samples. Thirty-nine Kanagawa phenomenon-positive strains were isolated from 2 of these 3 samples. 5. Kanagawa phenomenon-positive strains were detected after the mean MPN viable cell count in 15 samples of sea water in which clams were kept reached 10(5) cells/100 ml. 6. Four serotypes of Kanagawa phenomenon-positive strains were detected, and they were involved in 5 (45%) of the 11 cases of Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning that occurred in the same year. These serotypes were observed also in 28 (38%) of the 74 strains isolated from food poisoning patients. 7. No conclusion could be made concerning the effectiveness of measures to control food poisoning.
对1990年至1995年的6年间，在食物中毒大规模爆发时养殖蛤仔的15份海水样本中的副溶血性弧菌活菌数均值、食物中毒爆发次数、神奈川现象阳性菌株的流行情况以及食物中毒控制措施的有效性进行了调查。得到的结果如下：1. 在对海水和贝类等6种材料进行检测以确定预测副溶血性弧菌食物中毒的最佳标志物材料时，发现养殖蛤仔的海水是最合适的。2. 除1994年的爆发外，所有副溶血性弧菌食物中毒均发生在养殖蛤仔的15份海水样本中的活菌数均值达到10⁵个细胞/100毫升之后。3. 可以根据活菌数均值达到10⁵个细胞/100毫升的时间来预测副溶血性弧菌食物中毒的爆发次数。4. 1995年，对养殖蛤仔的海水进行培养，并通过PCR方法检测耐热直接溶血素基因。在82份样本中的3份中检测到耐热直接溶血素基因。从这3份样本中的2份中分离出39株神奈川现象阳性菌株。5. 在养殖蛤仔的15份海水样本中的活菌数均值达到10⁵个细胞/100毫升之后检测到神奈川现象阳性菌株。6. 检测到4种血清型的神奈川现象阳性菌株，它们在同年发生的11例副溶血性弧菌食物中毒病例中的5例（45%）中出现。在从食物中毒患者分离出的74株菌株中的28株（38%）中也观察到了这些血清型。7. 关于食物中毒控制措施的有效性无法得出结论。
