Tavolga W N
J Exp Biol. 1977 Apr;67:89-96. doi: 10.1242/jeb.67.1.89.
Thresholds for diffuse, broad-band illumination were obtained for the goldfish (Carassius auratus) by avoidance conditioning. The light source was a television cathode-ray tube whose output was controlled over a range of 140 dB by a combination of 'brightness' control, blanking of scan lines, and neutral density filters. The threshold was calculated in terms of irradiance to be 2-9 X 10(-6) muW cm-2 (+/- a standard deviation of 1-4). The determination of absolute, rather than relative, values, and the use of overhead, diffuse illumination provided data that would be ecologically and behaviourally relevant.
通过回避条件反射法，获得了金鱼（Carassius auratus）对漫射宽带光的阈值。光源是一个电视阴极射线管，其输出通过“亮度”控制、扫描线消隐和中性密度滤光片的组合在140分贝的范围内进行控制。阈值以辐照度计算为2 - 9×10⁻⁶微瓦·厘米⁻²（±1 - 4的标准偏差）。确定绝对而非相对值，以及使用头顶上方的漫射光提供了在生态和行为方面具有相关性的数据。
