Lubbers W J, Schipper A, Hogeweg M, De Soldenhoff R
NSL/Eastern Leprosy Control Project, Biratnagar, Nepal.
Lepr Rev. 1994 Sep;65(3):231-8. doi: 10.5935/0305-7518.19940022.
To determine the magnitude of eye lesions in newly diagnosed leprosy patients we examined their eyes. The Eastern Leprosy Control Project was supported by The Netherlands Leprosy Relief Association; we used the regional clinic in Biratnagar and 5 mobile clinics in surrounding districts as our survey area. All patients who presented at the clinics over 10 weeks, diagnosed as having untreated leprosy were included. Of the 260 examined patients 97 (37.3%, 95% confidence interval 28.3-40.3%) had an eye lesion; 12/260 patients (4.6%, 95% confidence interval 2.0-7.2%) had sight-threatening lesions (lagophthalmos, iris involvement, corneal anaesthesia), directly related to leprosy; 46 (17.7%) patients were diagnosed as having some degree of cataract; 2 patients were aphakic; 3 patients (1.2%) were blind according to the WHO definition. In this series of new and untreated leprosy patients many eye lesions found are not relevant or leprosy related. There were 9 new patients with lagophthalmos, some too longstanding to treat with steroids. We found 3 patients with iris involvement. The figures we found for eye lesions, sight-threatening lesions and blindness are low when compared to other studies. The number of patients with any grade of cataract is high. The average total of leprosy patients who were blind can be compared with the average total who are blind in the general population.
为了确定新诊断麻风病患者眼部病变的程度，我们对他们的眼睛进行了检查。东方麻风病防治项目由荷兰麻风病救济协会资助；我们将比拉特纳加尔的地区诊所和周边地区的5个流动诊所作为调查区域。所有在10周内到诊所就诊、被诊断为未经治疗的麻风病患者均被纳入。在接受检查的260名患者中，97名（37.3%，95%置信区间28.3 - 40.3%）有眼部病变；260名患者中有12名（4.6%，95%置信区间2.0 - 7.2%）有威胁视力的病变（兔眼、虹膜受累、角膜麻醉），与麻风病直接相关；46名（17.7%）患者被诊断患有某种程度的白内障；2名患者无晶状体；根据世界卫生组织的定义，3名患者（1.2%）失明。在这一系列新诊断且未经治疗的麻风病患者中，发现的许多眼部病变与麻风病无关或并非由麻风病引起。有9名新患者患有兔眼，有些病程过长，无法用类固醇治疗。我们发现3名患者有虹膜受累。与其他研究相比，我们发现的眼部病变、威胁视力的病变和失明患者数量较低。任何程度白内障患者的数量较多。麻风病失明患者的平均总数可与普通人群中的失明平均总数进行比较。
