Beck E, Langer M, Mauro P D, Prato P
Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, IRCCS Ospedale, Maggiore di Milano, Italy.
Br J Anaesth. 1996 Oct;77(4):530-3. doi: 10.1093/bja/77.4.530.
We measured changes in body temperature in 12 hypothermic (mean aural temperature 34.4 (SD 1.0) degrees C) pigs during general anaesthesia with an open abdominal cavity and the effect of two warming systems: heating of inspired gases to 39 degrees C (intratracheal temperature) and oesophageal warming to 39 degrees C by a water perfused oesophageal heat exchanger. Each animal underwent both treatments and the control period in random sequence. Each condition was studied over 1 h. No additional protection against heat loss (drapes, blankets, i.v. fluids warming, etc.) was used. Anaesthesia, room temperature and relative humidity, amount and temperature of infusions and extension of exposed visceral surfaces were standardized. Mean decrease in body temperature was 1.0 (0.7) degree C (P < 0.005) without warming and 0.6 (0.2) degree C (P < 0.005) with heated inspired gases: this difference was not statistically significant. Oesophageal warming was very efficient as mean body temperature did not change significantly (-0.1 (0.2) degree C; ns).
我们测量了12头体温过低（平均耳温34.4（标准差1.0）摄氏度）的猪在全身麻醉且腹腔开放期间的体温变化，以及两种升温系统的效果：将吸入气体加热至39摄氏度（气管内温度），以及通过水灌注食管热交换器将食管升温至39摄氏度。每只动物按随机顺序接受两种治疗和对照期。每种情况研究1小时。未使用额外的防热损失措施（手术单、毯子、静脉输液加温等）。麻醉、室温、相对湿度、输液量和温度以及暴露内脏表面的范围均标准化。未加温时体温平均下降1.0（0.7）摄氏度（P<0.005），吸入气体加热时体温平均下降0.6（0.2）摄氏度（P<0.005）：这种差异无统计学意义。食管加温非常有效，因为平均体温没有显著变化（-0.1（0.2）摄氏度；无统计学意义）。
