Yanovski J A, Yanovski S Z, Filmer K M, Hubbard V S, Avila N, Lewis B, Reynolds J C, Flood M
Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1862, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1996 Dec;64(6):833-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/64.6.833.
Adults have racial differences in body composition that may modulate risks resulting from obesity. Although black and white children have been shown previously to have differences in bone mineral density and subcutaneous body fat, differences in visceral adipose tissue have not been evaluated. We studied 20 black and 20 white normal-weight girls aged 7-10 y, who were matched for weight, body mass index (BMI), bone age, chronological age, Tanner breast stage, and socioeconomic status. Each underwent anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for determination of total (TAT), visceral (VAT), and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue. Serum lipids and fasting and 2-h oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) glucose and insulin concentrations were also measured. There were no differences between groups in absolute waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio, but waist-to-thigh ratio was smaller in black than in white girls. Black girls had greater bone mineral density and less TAT, VAT, and SAT than whites. VAT was not significantly correlated with any measure of insulin, or with serum lipids. However, both basal and 2-h OGTT serum insulin were significantly correlated with SAT as assessed by MRI in black girls (r2 = 0.46 for basal insulin, P = 0.001: r2 = 0.31 for 2-h insulin, P = 0.01) but not in white girls (r2 < 0.05, for basal and 2-h insulin, NS). We conclude that there are significant racial differences in body composition and differences in the strength of association between abdominal adipose tissue depots and insulin sensitivity in black and white girls.
成年人在身体组成方面存在种族差异，这可能会调节肥胖带来的风险。尽管此前已表明黑人和白人儿童在骨矿物质密度和皮下体脂方面存在差异，但内脏脂肪组织的差异尚未得到评估。我们研究了20名年龄在7至10岁的体重正常的黑人女孩和20名体重正常的白人女孩，她们在体重、体重指数（BMI）、骨龄、实足年龄、坦纳乳房分期和社会经济地位方面相互匹配。每个人都接受了人体测量、生物电阻抗分析、双能X线吸收法（DXA）以及腹部磁共振成像（MRI），以确定总脂肪量（TAT）、内脏脂肪量（VAT）和皮下脂肪量（SAT）。还测量了血清脂质以及空腹和2小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）中的葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度。两组之间的绝对腰围或腰臀比没有差异，但黑人女孩的腰股比低于白人女孩。黑人女孩的骨矿物质密度更高，TAT、VAT和SAT比白人女孩更少。VAT与任何胰岛素指标或血清脂质均无显著相关性。然而，在黑人女孩中，基础和2小时OGTT血清胰岛素与MRI评估的SAT均显著相关（基础胰岛素r2 = 0.46，P = 0.001；2小时胰岛素r2 = 0.31，P = 0.01），而在白人女孩中则不然（基础和2小时胰岛素r2 < 0.05，无显著性差异）。我们得出结论，黑人女孩和白人女孩在身体组成方面存在显著的种族差异，并且腹部脂肪组织库与胰岛素敏感性之间的关联强度也存在差异。
