衰老及与年龄相关疾病中记忆障碍的记忆系统分析。
Memory systems analyses of mnemonic disorders in aging and age-related diseases.
作者信息
Gabrieli J D
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13534-40. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.13534.
Abstract
The effects upon memory of normal aging and two age-related neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease, are analyzed in terms of memory systems, specific neural networks that mediate specific mnemonic processes. An occipital memory system mediating implicit visual-perceptual memory appears to be unaffected by aging or AD. A frontal system that may mediate implicit conceptual memory is affected by AD but not by normal aging. Another frontal system that mediates aspects of working and strategic memory is affected by Parkinson disease and, to a lesser extent, by aging. The aging effect appears to occur during all ages of the adult life-span. Finally, a medial-temporal system that mediates declarative memory is affected by the late onset of AD. Studies of intact and impaired memory in age-related diseases suggest that normal aging has markedly different effects upon different memory systems.
摘要
从记忆系统（即介导特定记忆过程的特定神经网络）的角度，分析了正常衰老以及两种与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病——阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病——对记忆的影响。介导内隐视觉感知记忆的枕叶记忆系统似乎不受衰老或AD的影响。可能介导内隐概念记忆的额叶系统受AD影响，但不受正常衰老影响。另一个介导工作记忆和策略性记忆各方面的额叶系统受帕金森病影响，在较小程度上也受衰老影响。衰老效应似乎在成年期的各个年龄段都会出现。最后，介导陈述性记忆的内侧颞叶系统受AD的晚期发病影响。对与年龄相关疾病中完整和受损记忆的研究表明，正常衰老对不同记忆系统有明显不同的影响。
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