Croft J B, Freedman D S, Keenan N L, Sheridan D P, Macera C A, Wheeler F C
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
Obes Res. 1996 Nov;4(6):505-12. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1996.tb00264.x.
Few epidemiologic studies have investigated the impact of body mass index, low educational attainment, cigarette smoking, and physical activity on the considerable black-white difference in waist-to-hip ratio. These relationships were assessed with multivariable linear regression among 3,094 adults (24% black) who were examined in 1987 in South Carolina. The unadjusted mean waist-to-hip ratio was lower for black men than for white men (-0.03 units) and higher for black women than for white women (+0.03 units). After adjustment for age, body mass index, education, smoking, and physical activity, the black-white difference in mean waist-to-hip ratio was -0.02 units (p < 0.001) among men and +0.01 units (p < 0.01) among women. Although differing distributions of age, body mass index, and educational attainment accounted for a 59% reduction in the black-white difference among women, these factors did not explain the difference among men. Thus, these results suggest that other environmental or biologic factors may also play an important role in the marked variation in body fat distribution between the two ethnic groups. The results also support the importance of the prevention of cigarette smoking and overweight in potentially preventing abdominal obesity in both black adults and white adults.
很少有流行病学研究调查体重指数、低教育程度、吸烟和身体活动对黑人和白人在腰臀比方面显著差异的影响。在1987年于南卡罗来纳州接受检查的3094名成年人（24%为黑人）中，通过多变量线性回归对这些关系进行了评估。未调整的平均腰臀比，黑人男性低于白人男性（差值为 -0.03个单位），黑人女性高于白人女性（差值为 +0.03个单位）。在对年龄、体重指数、教育程度、吸烟和身体活动进行调整后，男性中黑人和白人平均腰臀比的差异为 -0.02个单位（p < 0.001），女性中为 +0.01个单位（p < 0.01）。尽管年龄、体重指数和教育程度的不同分布使女性中黑人和白人的差异减少了59%，但这些因素并不能解释男性中的差异。因此，这些结果表明，其他环境或生物学因素可能在这两个种族群体身体脂肪分布的显著差异中也起着重要作用。这些结果还支持了预防吸烟和超重对于潜在预防黑人和白人成年人腹部肥胖的重要性。
