Macera C A, Croft J B, Brown D R, Ferguson J E, Lane M J
Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Sep 15;142(6):629-35. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117686.
Literature on the correlates and predictors of leisure-time physical activity among African-American population is sparse. This cohort study assessed correlates of leisure-time physical activity (specific large muscle activities during the past month at least three times a week) in a biracial population in 1987 and predictors for the adoption of this behavior 4 years later among those initially inactive. Random digit dialing methods were used to identify residents of two South Carolina communities in 1987. In 1991, 3,223 of these residents were resurveyed (62% response rate). In general, the correlates of leisure-time physical activity (education, > or = 12 years; nonsmoking; weight loss behaviors; and physician advice) were similar for each sex and race group. In 1987, the definition of leisure-time physical activity was not met by 831 (54% of 1,542) white women, 374 (76% of 489) African-American women, 586 (59% of 991) white men, and 126 (63% of 201) African-American men. Among those who were inactive in 1987, 22-24% of white adults and African-American men and 14% of African-American women adopted physical activity 4 years later. Twelve years or more of education was a predictor among white women (risk ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.6) and African-American women (risk ratio = 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4-6.9), but not among men. Having a physician discuss physical activity was a predictor among white women (risk ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.3-2.7), African-American women (risk ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval 0.9-3.2), white men (risk ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.3-3.1), and African-American men (risk ratio = 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.0-7.6). These results highlight the strong effect of educational attainment on adoption of healthy behaviors and support the involvement of physicians to promote physical activity among all race and sex groups.
关于非裔美国人休闲时间身体活动的相关因素和预测指标的文献稀少。这项队列研究评估了1987年一个混血人群中休闲时间身体活动（过去一个月内每周至少三次的特定大肌肉活动）的相关因素，以及4年后那些最初不活动的人群中采用这种行为的预测指标。1987年采用随机数字拨号方法来确定南卡罗来纳州两个社区的居民。1991年，对这些居民中的3223人进行了重新调查（应答率为62%）。总体而言，休闲时间身体活动的相关因素（教育程度，≥12年；不吸烟；减肥行为；以及医生建议）在每个性别和种族组中相似。1987年，1542名白人女性中的831人（54%）、489名非裔美国女性中的374人（76%）、991名白人男性中的586人（59%）以及201名非裔美国男性中的126人（63%）未达到休闲时间身体活动的定义。在1987年不活动的人群中，4年后22% - 24%的白人成年人和非裔美国男性以及14%的非裔美国女性开始进行身体活动。12年或更长时间的教育是白人女性（风险比 = 1.7，95%置信区间1.2 - 2.6）和非裔美国女性（风险比 = 3.1，95%置信区间1.4 - 6.9）采用身体活动的预测指标，但在男性中并非如此。医生讨论身体活动是白人女性（风险比 = 1.9，95%置信区间1.3 - 2.7）、非裔美国女性（风险比 = 1.7，95%置信区间0.9 - 3.2）、白人男性（风险比 = 2.0，95%置信区间1.3 - 3.1）和非裔美国男性（风险比 = 2.7，95%置信区间1.0 - 7.6）采用身体活动的预测指标。这些结果突出了教育程度对采用健康行为的强大影响，并支持医生参与在所有种族和性别群体中促进身体活动。
