A comparison of imipenem/cilastatin with the combination of cefuroxime and metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.

515 patients with intra-abdominal infection participated in an open randomized comparative multicenter trial in order to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of imipenem/cilastatin with cefuroxime/metronidazole. 258 patients (mean age 56 years) received imipenem/cilastatin 1.5-2.0 g/day, and 257 patients (mean age 54 years) received cefuroxime 3.0-4.5 g/day plus metronidazole 1.0-1.5 g/day for at least 3 days. 130/161 evaluable patients (80.8%) receiving imipenem/cilastatin and 124/145 evaluable patients (85.5%) receiving cefuroxime/metronidazole were clinically cured. The microbiological response was favorable in 86.9% in the imipenem/cilastatin group and in 90.8% in the cefuroxime/metronidazole group. The two treatment groups were similar with respect to median time to defervescence which was 4 days. The median duration of treatment was 6 days and the median time to discharge from hospital was 9 days in both groups. Drug-related adverse reactions were observed in 14 patients receiving iminpenem/cilastatin and in 8 patients receiving cefuroxime/metronidazole. 19 patients in the imipenen/cilastatin group and 12 patients in the cefuroxime/metronidazole group died. No correlation was found between the deaths and the study drugs. The present study shows that intra-abdominal infections can be treated successfully with imipenem/cilastatin as well as with cefuroxime/metronidazole.