Kawabata H, Murayama K, Adachi-Usami E
Department of Ophthalmology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1996 Nov;100(11):868-76.
To investigate early changes of visual function in high myopic eyes, the relative sensitivity of the short-wavelength sensitive cones (s-cones) was measured by flash-evoked cortical potentials and electroretinograms and their relation with refractive error and axial length of the eyes was studied. A Ganzfeld stimulus was employed. The subjects were all under 37 years of age and were divided into 3 groups according to the magnitude of the refractive error as follows; 1) emmetropia/low myopia group (10 eyes), between +0.50 D and -3.00 D; 2) medium myopia group (8 eyes), between -3.25 D and -6.00 D; and 3) high myopia group (10 eyes), over -6.25 D. Their corrected visual acuities were better than 1.0 and their color vision was normal according to Panel D-15 and SPPII. They had no other ophthalmological abnormalities except tigroid fundus. The s-cone sensitivity was significantly correlated with the refractive error and axial length (p < 0.001) and was reduced prior to ophthalmoscopic retinal changes in the medium and high myopia groups. This indicates that the site of s-cone sensitivity loss in myopia is in the retinal.
为研究高度近视眼视觉功能的早期变化，通过闪光诱发皮质电位和视网膜电图测量短波长敏感视锥细胞（s-视锥细胞）的相对敏感性，并研究其与眼屈光不正和眼轴长度的关系。采用全视野刺激。受试者均在37岁以下，根据屈光不正程度分为3组，如下：1）正视/低度近视组（10只眼），屈光度数在+0.50 D至-3.00 D之间；2）中度近视组（8只眼），屈光度数在-3.25 D至-6.00 D之间；3）高度近视组（10只眼），屈光度数超过-6.25 D。根据D-15色盘和SPPII，他们的矫正视力优于1.0，色觉正常。除豹纹状眼底外，他们无其他眼科异常。s-视锥细胞敏感性与屈光不正和眼轴长度显著相关（p<0.001），在中度和高度近视组中，在检眼镜下视网膜改变之前s-视锥细胞敏感性就已降低。这表明近视中s-视锥细胞敏感性丧失的部位在视网膜。
